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As Albania is accelerating its preparations towards candidate country status in the European Union (EU), numerous areas of public policy and –practices are undergoing intensive development. Regional development policy is a very new area of public policy in Albania and needs research and development. This study examines the process of sustainable development in Albania by analysing and comparing the regional development of the regions Tirana, Shkodra and Kukes. With regards to methodology the study relies on a review of literature as well as an analytical review of and a comparative approach to the three case regions, ensuring adequate quality through interviews and quantitative relevance through data collection. The research is organised in five chapters. The first chapter provides an overview over the research. The second chapter outlines the theories and scientific framework underlying the sustainable–development-to-regional-development process and its links to geography. The third chapter presents the overall picture of the regional development efforts in Albania, analysing disparities and regional development in the light of EU requirements and NUTS division. Chapter 4 continues this discourse by highlighting the regional development of the three regions: Tirana (driver for change), Shkodra (the North in development) and Kukes (the “shrinking” region). Conclusions and recommendations are presented in chapter 5. This research comes to the conclusions that if growth in Albania is to be increased and sustained, a regional development policy needs to be established.
This review, developed in co-operation with UNICEF, provides Albania with recommendations to help strengthen its evaluation and assessment system to focus on support for student learning. It will be of interest to Albania, as well as other countries looking to make more effective use of their evaluation and assessment system to improve quality and equity, and result in better outcomes for all students.
In the past six years, the world's fishery sector has reached a turning point with global fish production reaching a plateau of approximately 100 million tons annually. While aquaculture output continued to grow, yields from capture fisheries were uneven and showed increasing signs of stagnation because of widespread overfishing and overcapitalization, ineffective management, deteriorating resource health, declining or flat global harvests, and inefficient economic and trade policies. This paper examines the role of subsidies in fisheries.
This report provides key insights into the social exclusion processes that affect Roma and Egyptian communities in Albania—two of the most vulnerable minority communities in Albania. It offers advice on the design of concrete actions to facilitate the inclusion of Roma and Egyptian communities into Albanian society, and also includes feedback from the Roma and Egyptian communities on the study findings and recommendations.'Roma and Egyptians in Albania' includes supporting data collected via participatory methodologies conducted in eleven study sites to investigate the socio-economic, cultural, institutional, and historical situation of Roma and Egyptian communities across Albania. The report's proposed public policies and strategies on minority, poverty, and social exclusion issues have been endorsed by the Roma and Egyptian communities.
Kosovo: The Politics of Identity and Space explores the Albanian-Serbian confrontation after Slobodan Milosevic's rise to power and the policy of repression in Kosovo through the lens of the Kosovo education system. The argument is woven around the story of imposed ethnic segregation in Kosovo's education, and its impact on the emergence of exclusive notions of nation and homeland among the Serbian and Albanian youth in the 1990s. The book also critically explores the wider context of the Albanian non-violent resistance, including the emergence of the parallel state and its weaknesses. Kosovo: The Politics of Identity and Space not only provides an insight into events that led to the bloodshed in Kosovo in the late 1990s, but also shows that the legacy of segregation is one of the major challenges the international community faces in its efforts to establish an integrated multi-ethnic society in the territory.
Albania is a small country located in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula. The country is bounded by the Adriatic Sea to the west, Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, North Macedonia to the east, and Greece to the south. Albania's history is rich and complex, reflecting its position as a crossroads between East and West, and its interactions with numerous empires and nations throughout the centuries. The country has a population of approximately 2.9 million people and covers an area of 28,748 square kilometers. Albania is known for its stunning natural beauty, breathtaking mountains, and clear turquoise waters. The country boasts a mix of traditional and modern influences, reflecting a rich cultural heritage that includes music, art, cuisine, and traditional crafts. Traditionally, the Albanian economy relied on agriculture, which remains an important sector to this day. However, other industries such as tourism, manufacturing, and services have grown in recent years, contributing to the country's economic diversification and growth. Despite challenges, such as political instability and corruption, Albania is slowly emerging as a potential travel destination and investment opportunity in the Balkans.
This report compiles a rich set of previously unavailable data to define where the education sector in Albania has evolved, what key challenges remain, and the priority areas for action by the Albanian government. The report finds that four broad tasks must be tackled to improve education. The country must: 1) increase enrollment rates with the goal of achieving truly universal education in primary and lower secondary schools, and reversing the actual trend of decreasing secondary enrollment; 2) improve the quality of education, which requires developing human resource policies--such as teacher development programs and improved salaries--that will attract good teachers and give them incentives to perform well in classrooms; and providing an adequate physical school environment, which means, among other things, renovating and adequately maintaining school buildings; 3) increase public spending on education, which requires developing clear priorities and reducing relative spending on tertiary education; providing constant and reliable funding to support the identified policy priorities; and increasing spending on non-wage expenditures and investments; and 4) make better use of teachers and schoolsby decentralizing decisionmaking and responsibilities that are more reasonably delegated to the local level.