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L'ETUDE DE L'ABUS DU DROIT D'AUTEUR PERMET DE CONFRONTER UNE NOTION QUI RELEVE DE LA THEORIE GENERALE DU DROIT AU DROIT SPECIAL DE LA PROPRIETE LITTERAIRE ET ARTISTIQUE. IL EST DONC NECESSAIRE DE S'INTERESSER A LA RECEPTION DE LA THEORIE DE L'ABUS DE DROIT EN DROIT D'AUTEUR. AINSI, IL IMPORTE DE PRECISER LES TERMES DE L'APPLICABILITE DE LA NOTION D'ABUS DE DROIT AUX DIFFERENTES PREROGATIVES DE L'AUTEUR, C'EST-A-DIRE A SON DROIT MORAL ET A SES DROITS PATRIMONIAUX, TANT DE SON VIVANT QU'APRES SON DECES. ET SI L'ON CONSIDERE QUE LES DIFFERENTES COMPOSANTES DU DROIT D'AUTEUR SONT SUSCEPTIBLES D'ABUS, LA PRESENTATION DE L'APPLICATION DE LA THEORIE DE L'ABUS DE DROIT EN DROIT DE LA PROPRIETE LITTERAIRE ET ARTISTIQUE REVET TOUT SON INTERET. IL EST DONC INTERESSANT DE PRECISER LES PERSONNES QUI PEUVENT SAISIR LE JUGE AFIN QU'IL CONSTATE UN ABUS, AVANT DE S'INTERESSER A LA CONSTATATION ELLE-MEME, PUIS A LA SANCTION DE L'USAGE ABUSIF DES DROITS. CETTE DEMARCHE SERAIT FORCEMENT INCOMPLETE SI ELLE N'ETAIT PAS SUIVIE PAR LA RECHERCHE DES FONCTIONS DE LA THEORIE DE L'ABUS EN DROIT D'AUTEUR. IL APPARAIT QUE CETTE NOTION PERMET DE RESOUDRE DIFFERENTS CONFLITS DE DROITS, AUSSI BIEN ENTRE DIFFERENTS AUTEURS QU'ENTRE UN AUTEUR ET UN INDIVIDU QUI N'A PAS CETTE QUALITE. ET, GRACE AU CONCEPT D'ABUS DE DROIT, IL EST NON SEULEMENT POSSIBLE DE DETERMINER LA DEONTOLOGIE DE L'EXERCICE DU DROIT D'AUTEUR, MAIS AUSSI DE METTRE EN EXERGUE CERTAINES ORIENTATIONS CONTESTABLES DE CETTE DISCIPLINE. AINSI, L'ETUDE DE L'ABUS DU DROIT D'AUTEUR EST SUSCEPTIBLE D'ENRICHIR LA CONNAISSANCE DU DROIT DE LA PROPRIETE INTELLECTUELLE, TOUT EN CONTRIBUANT A PRECISER LA NOTION D'ABUS EN DROIT FRANCAIS.
This book was first published in 2005. Copyright 'exceptions' or 'users' rights' have become a highly controversial aspect of copyright law. Most recently, Member States of the European Union have been forced to amend their systems of exceptions so as to comply with the Information Society Directive. Taking the newly amended UK legislation as a case study, this book examines why copyright exceptions are necessary and the forces that have shaped the present legislative regime in the UK. It seeks to further our understanding of the exceptions by combining detailed doctrinal analysis with insights gained from a range of other sources. The principal argument of the book is that the UK's current system of 'permitted acts' is much too restrictive and hence is in urgent need of reform, but that paradoxically the Information Society Directive points the way towards a much more satisfactory approach.
Cet ouvrage constitue une analyse scientifique de la notion d’abus fiscal, sur la base de la loi du 29 mars 2012, des règles traditionnelles d’interprétation en droit fiscal des travaux préparatoires, et en tenant compte des conséquences des analyses proposées par d’autres fiscalistes. L’auteur y décrit les fondements du principe du choix licite de la voie la moins imposée, ainsi que la portée exacte de la règle générale anti-abus votée en 1993. Son point de vue a été consacré par la jurisprudence, qui a ainsi constaté que les possibilités d’application de l’article 344, § 1er du Code des Impôts sur les Revenus était très réduites. L’ouvrage exprime des doutes sérieux quant au caractère constitutionnel de la mesure anti–abus en matière de droits d’enregistrement et de succession et propose la seule interprétation qui, pour l’auteur, permet de concilier l’intention du législateur et le principe constitutionnel de la légalité de l’impôt.
Parodies have been created throughout times and cultures. A glimpse at the general judicial latitude generally afforded to parodies, satires, caricatures, and pastiches demonstrates the social and cultural value of this particular form of artistic expression. With the advent of technologies and the evolution of copyright legislation, creative endeavours in the form of parody gathered a new youth but became unlawful. While copyright law grants exclusive rights to right-holders, this right is not absolute. Legislation includes specific exceptions, which preclude right-holders from exercising their prerogatives in particular cases which foster creativity and cultural diversity within that society. The parody exception pertains to this ultimate objective by permitting users to reproduce copyright-protected materials for the purpose of parody. To understand the meaning and scope of the parody exception, this book examines and compares five jurisdictions which differ in their protection of parodies: France, Australia, Canada, the US and the United Kingdom. This book is concerned with finding an appropriate balance between the protection awarded to right-holders and the public interest. This is achieved by analysing the parody exception to the economic rights of right-holders, the preservation of moral rights and the interaction of the parody exception with contract law. As parodies constitute an artistic expression protected under the right to freedom of expression, this book also considers the influence of freedom of expression on the interpretation of this specific copyright exception. Furthermore, this book aims at providing guidance on how to resolve conflicts where fundamental rights are in conflict. This is the first book in English to offer an in-depth investigation into the parody exception in copyright law, and comments on industry practices linked to this form of creative endeavours.
Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this monograph provides a survey and analysis of the rules concerning intellectual property rights in France. It covers every type of intellectual property right in depth – copyright and neighbouring rights, patents, utility models, trademarks, trade names, industrial designs, plant variety protection, chip protection, trade secrets, and confidential information. Particular attention is paid throughout to recent developments and trends. The analysis approaches each right in terms of its sources in law and in legislation, and proceeds to such legal issues as subject matter of protection, conditions of protection, ownership, transfer of rights, licences, scope of exclusive rights, limitations, exemptions, duration of protection, infringement, available remedies, and overlapping with other intellectual property rights. The book provides a clear overview of intellectual property legislation and policy, and at the same time offers practical guidance on which sound preliminary decisions may be based. Lawyers representing parties with interests in France will welcome this very useful guide, and academics and researchers will appreciate its value in the study of comparative intellectual property law.
Information Law Series Volume 45 In a copyright system characterised by broad and long-lasting exclusive rights, exceptions provide a vital counterweight, especially in times of rampant technological change. The EU’s controversial InfoSoc Directive – now two decades old – lists exceptions in which an unauthorised user will not have infringed the rightholder’s copyright. To reform or not to reform this legal framework – that is the question considered in great depth in this book, providing detailed theoretical and normative analysis of the Directive, the national and CJEU case law arising from it, and meticulously thought-out proposals for change. By breaking down the concepts of ‘flexibility’ and ‘legal certainty’ into a set of policy objectives and assessment criteria, the author thoroughly examines such core aspects of the framework as the following: the justifications for exceptions, e.g., safeguarding the fundamental rights of users; the regimes established in legislation and case law for key exceptions; the need to promote technological development; the importance of avoiding re-fragmentation caused by uncoordinated national legislative responses to technological changes; the legal status of digital technologies that rely on unauthorised uses of copyright-protected works; and the pros and cons of importing a fair use standard modelled after that of the United States. In an invaluable concluding chapter, the author puts forward a set of reform proposals, articulating their advantages and responding to potential objections. In doing so, the chapter also identifies, synthesises and critically examines the various proposals that have been advanced in the academic literature. In its decisive contribution to the debate around the InfoSoc Directive and the rules that guide its implementation, interpretation, and application, this book isolates the contentious structural features of the framework and examines them in a critical fashion. The author’s systematised review of scholarly and policymaking proposals for increasing flexibility and legal certainty in EU copyright law will be welcomed by practitioners in intellectual property law and other areas of economic law, as well as by interested policymakers and scholars.