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For the love of our great country, men and women join the Armed Forces in the continued fi ght to protect the people of the United States of America. Military recruiters get your everyday volunteer to sign a contract of Defense and promise to assist in fulfi lling each person’s ambition to be trained as an engineer, pilot, doctor, lawyer, police offi cer, nurse, electronics technicians, computer analysis, air traffi c controllers, ECT. A career with the Military offers job opportunities and education at no cost other than serving your country for 4, 6, 8, 10 years and more if those persons wish to retire. Once enrolled and accepted, you belong to a Government Family that will come fi rst. Any other family is secondary. Once in, each recruits life is changed forever. That person who you knew prior to signing the contract is now a soldier, fi ghter, killing machine if necessary before beginning any career goals. Feelings will be lost within oneself due to the combat training each experience. It’s diffi cult to walk away from what could have been a perfect structured lifestyle. However, Tina fi nds herself torn between love and loyalty to her spouse who is attached to the Military or leave. The lifestyle the Military can be overwhelming for a couple. She has to choose between he and her or the Military Family that he is a part of which places its needs before his and her needs. Although, her decision was to leave she returns to help others within the Military Family despite her painful memories.
Ed Tingstrom is passionate for history which has led to considerable study of U.S. history with emphases on military history. However he has detected inconsistencies in the recording of historical events which led mim to ask questions. He would research and ferret out the answers by utilizing the National Archives, Library of Congress and other institutions to provide the answers he sought. History has always been and will always be my passion. My quest is to share this passion with the younger generations in hopes of igniting a similar spark in them. History lives in all of us; all we have to do is seek the truth and remember. Mr. Tingstrom is a life member of the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW) and the Disabled American Veterans (DAV). He enjoys giving lectures in history and military service at local high schools and colleges, as well as serving as a docent at the VFW museum, which houses a collection of vintage poster art and war memorabilia dating back to the turn of the twenth century. This is his first book This book is dedicated to my wife Deirdre Whose constant encouragement and love provided me with the strength and conviction to continue. To Professor Ransford Hopkins, Professor of History, Moorpark College, California, who lit the spark, which turned into a roaring fire to write this book, and to seek out history were ever it is found and share it with others.
A surprisingly large number of people have denied that it is possible for human moral agents to act in such a way as to go beyond or transcend what moral duty or obligation requires of them. Some of this opposition to the possibility of supererogation, as it is called, has been motivated by theological concerns. This book surveys the concerns of Luther, Calvin, and Melanchthon, as they react to certain teachings of the Roman Catholic Church, as well as the concerns of several contemporary theologians. It also examines some contemporary philosophers whose concerns have grown out of a commitment to a Kantian, utilitarian, or prescriptive type of ethics and urges that there are valuable lessons to be learned from these theologians and philosophers. At the same time it is argued that some of their concerns are the result of a mistaken idea of what it means to perform an act of supererogation. In addition, it is argued that some of their concerns can be addressed in ways that do not require a denial of the possibility of going beyond the call of duty in human life. This stage of the argument involves a discussion of virtue ethics and an examination of the concept of vocation, particularly as it has developed in Protestant thought, and illustrates the relevance of virtue and vocation to the problem of supererogation.
The current refugee crisis is unparalleled in history in its size and severity. According to the UNHCR, there are roughly 67 million refugees worldwide, the vast majority of whom are refugees as the result of wars and other military actions. This social and political crisis cries out for normative explanation and analysis. Morally and politically, how should we understand the fact that 1 in every 122 humans is a refugee? How should we respond to it, and why? Jennifer Kling argues that war refugees have suffered, and continue to suffer, a series of harms, wrongs, and oppressions, and so are owed recompense, restitution, and aid—as a matter of justice—by sociopolitical institutions around the world. She makes the case that war refugees should be viewed and treated differently than migrants, due to their particular circumstances, but that their circumstances do not wholly alleviate their own moral responsibilities. We must stop treating refugees as objects to be moved around on the global stage, Kling contends, and instead see them as people, with their own subjective experiences of the world, who might surprise us with their words and works. While targeted toward students and scholars of philosophy, War Refugees: Risk, Justice, and Moral Responsibility will also be of interest to those working in political science, international relations, and foreign policy analysis, and, more broadly, to anyone who is interested in thinking critically about the ongoing refugee crisis.