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Written 1884-1885; first published 1886 (CW 2) As the editor of Goethe's scientific writings during the 1880s, Rudolf Steiner became immersed in a worldview that paralleled and amplified his own views in relation to epistemology, the interface between science and philosophy, the theory of how we know the world and ourselves. At the time, like much of the thinking today and the foundation of modern natural science, the predominant theories held that individual knowledge is limited to thinking that reflects objective, sensory perception. Steiner's view was eventually distilled in his Anthroposophical Leading Thoughts in 1924: There are those who believe that, with the limits of knowledge derived from sensory perception, the limits of all insight are given. Yet if they would carefully observe how they become conscious of these limits, they would find in the very consciousness of the limits the faculties to transcend them. In this concise volume, Steiner lays out his argument for this view and, moreover, begins his explication of how one goes beyond thinking to the observation of thinking itself. Goethe's Theory of Knowledge is essential reading for a deeper understanding of Rudolf Steiner's seminal work, Intuitive Thinking as a Spiritual Path: A Philosophy of Freedom. CONTENTS: Introduction by Christopher Bamford Preface to the Edition of 1924 by Rudolf Steiner Foreword to the First Edition (1886) by Rudolf Steiner A. Preliminary Questions 1. The Point of Departure 2. Goethe's Science According to Schiller's Method 3. The Purpose of Our Science B. Experience 4. Establishing the Concept of Experience 5. Examining the Essence of Experience 6. Correcting the Erroneous View of Experience as a Totality 7. The Experience of Each Individual Reader C. Thinking 8. Thinking as a Higher Experience within Experience 9. Thinking and Consciousness 10. The Inner Nature of Thinking D. Knowledge 11. Thought and Perception 12. Intellect and Reason 13. The Act of Cognition 14. Cognition and the Ultimate Ground of Things E. Knowing Nature 15. Inorganic Nature 16. Organic Nature F. The Humanities 17. Introduction: Mind and Nature 18. Psychological Cognition 19. Human Freedom 20. Optimism and Pessimism G. Conclusion 21. Knowledge and Artistic Creation Notes to the First Edition 1886] Annotations to the Edition of 1924 A Theory of Knowledge is a translation from the German of Grundlinien einer Erkenntnistheorie der Goetheschen Weltanschauung, mit besonderer R cksicht auf Schiller (GA 2). Previous translations were published as The Science of Knowing (1988) and The Theory of Knowledge implicit in Goethe's World-Conception: Fundamental Outlines with Special Reference to Schiller (1940).
Though best known for his superlative poetry and plays, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) also produced a sizable body of scientific work that focused on such diverse topics as plants, color, clouds, weather, and geology. Goethe's way of science is highly unusual because it seeks to draw together the intuitive awareness of art with the rigorous observation and thinking of science. Written by major scholars and practitioners of Goethean science today, this book considers the philosophical foundations of Goethe's approach and applies the method to the real world of nature, including studies of plants, animals, and the movement of water. Part I discusses the philosophical foundations of the approach and clarifies its epistemology and methodology; Part II applies the method to the real world of nature; and Part III examines the future of Goethean science and emphasizes its great value for better understanding and caring for the natural environment.
Combining Lía Tummer’s lucid text and Lato’s creative and playful illustrations, Rudolf Steiner and Anthroposophy is a highly-engaging and unique ‘graphic’ introduction that is suitable for both the curious beginner and the dedicated student. At the dawn of the twentieth century, Rudolf Steiner presented anthroposophy as a ‘spiritual science’ that expanded upon the restricted, scientific–materialist ideology of his time. Based on a profound knowledge of human beings and our relationship with nature and the universe, anthroposophy not only provides rejuvenating impulses for the most diverse spheres of human activity – such as medicine, education, agriculture, art and science – but also provides answers to the eternal questions posed by humankind, and on which contemporary science remains indifferent: What is life? Where do we come from when we are born? Where do we go when we die? What is the meaning of pain and illness? Why do people experience such differing challenges in their lives? This charming book depicts the development of a universal genius, from his childhood in the untamed beauty of the Austrian Alps to the sublimities of human wisdom; from his work as a Goethe scholar to the building of the extraordinary Goetheanum in Dornach, Switzerland.
This book is the sequel to Dynamics of Nutrition by Gerhard Schmidt, M.D., and builds upon the same purpose: to help us develop a new conception of nutrition through a new view of humanity and the world. Guided by the spiritual science of Rudolf Steiner, Schmidt strives to open up a more realistic view of the nutrition field, building upon the insights of his prior book to discuss nutrition in actual practice. This topic remains critically important, with more and more people recognizing the need to look beyond the modern nutritional dogma.
Where do we come from? The idea of human origins – the whole pattern of prehistory – has been through a revolution. The long-held Darwinian view purported to show how adopting an upright posture caused the gradual transition from animal to human. That theory has fallen apart spectacularly. Human orientation and equilibrium are now seen as a 'biological new beginning'. Characteristics such as social complexity and artistic ability emerged with startling suddenness – in a Stone Age 'cognitive explosion'. In place of Darwin, an entirely new history has emerged: a migration out of Africa and a Middle Eastern transformation. Crucial to understanding this is the discovery of our mystical-shamanic roots, as shown in the cave-paintings that dazzled Picasso. It has become clear that the cognitive leap was a spiritual revolution. Not least, our supposed human uniqueness has been challenged by the Neanderthals, whose heritage has been hidden for millennia. In no sense crude 'ape-men', they were a highly intelligent, culturally advanced people whose history long overlapped ours. Without them, human evolution would undoubtedly be very different. Over one hundred years ago, Rudolf Steiner spoke of two human types or species. This book illustrates how many of Steiner's descriptions of human development coincide remarkably with emerging perspectives. His evolutionary thinking about humanity's distinctive role can set scientific discoveries in a dramatic new light. His concepts concerning rhythmic phases and transitions – grounded in the formation and disintegration of continents – give authentic scientific expression to the myth of Atlantis. Welburn weaves Steiner's perspectives with contemporary research in this ground-breaking work, exploring the turning-points of human consciousness. In doing so, he helps replace the search for man's animal connections with the need to re-think the very meaning of being human.
For Rudolf Steiner, Christ's Incarnation and death on Golgotha were central events in earthly and cosmic history. Humankind, he said, would evolve in time toward a spiritual awareness of Christ's presence in creation and the individual would no longer need "institutionalized" religious beliefs. In this concise introduction to Steiner's ideas, the author also describes the Christian Community, which Steiner helped to establish as a movement for Christian renewal. The Christian Community--also called the Movement for Religious Renewal--is an independent church founded in 1922 in Switzerland with the help of Rudolf Steiner. The first American Congregation was founded in New York City in 1948. Further information can be found at the Christian Community website (www.thechristiancommunity.org). This is not only one of the best introductions to the Christian Community and its history, but an excellent introduction to the whole of Rudolf Steiner's worldview known as spiritual science, or Anthroposophy.
Eternal becoming in thinking Every step a deepening Overcoming the surface Penetrating the depths." --Rudolf Steiner Much has been written by students of spiritual science on The Philosophy of Freedom, but the advantage of discovering what the author himself had to say about this most important and seminal work should be obvious. Not only were the words of the text chosen most carefully, but also its very structure was intended to become a powerful inner experience for the careful reader. In a sense, all of the works that flowed from Rudolf Steiner in the following years were to elaborate on this great work. At the age of twenty-seven, Rudolf Steiner "was beset by questions" related to outer human life, whereas inner human nature had been revealing itself to him with increasing clarity as a world of reality. In all his works, Steiner had relied on contemplation of that inner world, which led to writing The Philosophy of Freedom. His intention was to join inner and outer so that true inner work would lead to fully incarnating as human beings. The book that resulted became a pillar of anthroposophic practice and essential study for every student of inner development. Otto Palmer has provided an invaluable service by extracting numerous references from the words of Rudolf Steiner, providing keys to the deeper meanings behind the words of The Philosophy of Freedom, making it more accessible and meaningful to readers.
The rapid progress in biological and biomedical sciences in the last twenty years has brought with it an extensive development of the methods of molecular genetics. This has had impacts on society in many fields. Practical applications in medicine, pharmacology, agriculture, food design and biotechnology are firmly established and will grow enormously in the years to come. The scientific views of DNA and genes which underpin these applications are challenging our fundamental concepts of life, nature, society and humanity. It is beyond doubt that these developments need to be evaluated and reflected upon, both from a scientific and philosophical point of view, as well as from a cultural and social perspective. This book provides a wide range of discussions about the effects of DNA thinking in science and society, in biology and in relation to what it is to be human. Insights are provided into trans-disciplinary approaches and divergent views are compared. The reports on the plenary discussions and the many workshops show progress towards a power-free dialogue, i.e. an exchange of thoughts, free of economic and political pressure. The viewpoints of a variety of specialists, including scientists (microbiologists, molecular geneticists and clinical researchers), clinicians, philosophers and members of NGOs are presented. The contents will be of particular interest to those involved in genetic engineering, from students to policy makers, who face the challenge of the new technology in their work and who are looking for a substantial expansion and complementation of their basis for judgement forming.
Based on personal knowledge and intimate interviews with his subject, as well as access to W.J. Stein’s archive of letters and documents, Tautz’s biography is a thoroughly-researched and lovingly-detailed study of an exceptional life. Walter Johannes Stein (1891-1957) was one of the original pioneers of anthroposophy. A student of the Austrian philosopher Rudolf Steiner, Stein met his spiritual teacher whilst studying at Vienna University. After serving in the First World War, Stein was invited by Rudolf Steiner to teach History and Literature at the fledgling Waldorf school in Stuttgart, despite the fact that Stein’s doctorate was in Philosophy and his training in Mathematics and Physics. Through his efforts to master the new disciplines, and with the aid of unconventional methods of research, Stein developed groundbreaking new insights into the story of Parzival and the mystery of the Holy Grail, which led to his seminal book The Ninth Century and the Holy Grail. Tautz describes Stein’s close friendship with Eugen Kolisko, his struggles to help establish the threefold social order, his work as a Goetheanum lecturer, and his eventual estrangement from the Anthroposophical Society following Rudolf Steiner’s death. After journeys of discovery across Europe, Stein landed in London in 1933 – a refugee from the Nazi aggression in Central Europe – where he met his mentor D.N. Dunlop. Dunlop employed him to help establish the first World Power Conference. Based in England for the last 24 years of his life, Stein became a prolific and popular lecturer and the editor of the important anthroposophical journal The Present Age. Long out-of-print, the new edition of this important work is a welcome addition to the growing number of biographies on the founders of anthroposophy.