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Every critic who desires to deny the validity of modern tongue speech must develop a scheme to destroy Paul's teaching.Through the centuries, there has been a wide variety of answers regarding the validity and veracity of speaking, praying, and singing in tongues, and its place within the life of the Christian and the Church. What is it? Is speaking in tongues such a radically supernatural experience that language is totally unknown, or is it, as some have contended, actual human languages that are simply unknown to the speakers? Several have believed it to be the language of heaven or at least from heaven. Others have declared it to be ecstatic, unintelligible utterances that require a highly charged emotional moment to experience. Should each Christian pray and sing in tongues, or is it reserved for a special few deeply spiritual ones? Did Jesus pray in tongues? These questions and more are answered by author and pastor Richard Hogue inTongues: A Theological History of Christian Glossolalia. His academic approach begins by firmly establishing biblical evidence before launching a chronological connect-the-dots exercise through Christian history. The design revealed is the undeniable influence of the Holy Spirit. From Saul of Tarsus to John Wesley, from Pentecost to Azusa Street, Richard Hogue follows the gift of tongues and clearly draws a picture of today's role of the Holy Spirit inTongues: A Theological History of Christian Glossolalia.
Speaking in Tongues explores the phenomenon from a multidisciplinary approach. Uncover how speaking in tongues can be logically defended from various fields of study and be proven to be an essential spiritual practice for Christians today. Through this unique, Spirit-inspired act, practitioners are offered a powerful mode of communication with God that is transformational. Discover the answer to questions like these: -Does a Lukan theology of speaking in tongues support an initial physical evidence position? -What are the Pauline frameworks for how speaking in tongues should operate in the church? -How does speaking in tongues practically benefit the practitioner? -Can speaking in tongues stand up against psychological, sociological, and linguistic scrutiny? -Did speaking in tongues cease from church history? Take a deep dive into the phenomenon of speaking in tongues to learn how a multidisciplinary perspective can empower the practitioner to understand and defend this distinctive practice in fresh ways.
Speaking in tongues (glossolalia) is a common spiritual phenomenon in the Pentecostal and Charismatic streams of the Christian church. Such Christians believe that when they speak in tongues they are communicating with God in a language that they have never learned--spiritual prayer language given to them by the Holy Spirit. This innovative volume seeks to enhance our understanding and appreciation of glossolalia by examining it from a range of different angles. Christian scholars from diverse academic disciplines bring to bear the insights of their own specialist areas to shed new light on the practice of speaking in tongues. The disciplines include: New Testament Studies--Max Turner Theology--Frank D. Macchia History--Neil Hudson Philosophy--James K. A. Smith Linguistics--David Hilborn Sociology--Margaret M. Poloma Psychology--William K. Kay A final chapter by Mark J. Cartledge seeks to show how all of these perspectives can work together and enrich a Christian appreciation of the gift of tongues.
The phenomenon of "Speaking in Tongues"is examined in its religio-historical context. Part 1 considers recent scholarly studies of "inspired speech" in the ancient world where parallels have been alleged with the early Christian experience as recorded in the New testament. In Part 2 both the Lucan and Pauline references to "tongues" are considered in detail with a view to discerning the significance of the phenomenon for the church its its mission and worship. In the light of this, practical implications are drawn for the church in the 21st century.
What is the nature and function of the Pentecostal/Charismatic gift of speaking in tongues? Charismatic Glossolalia aims to answer this question. Drawing on detailed observations and interviews with people who themselves speak in tongues, as well as survey data, Cartledge presents explanations on the meaning of this gift for both the participants and their churches. Cartledge argues that an understanding of the gift of speaking in tongues emerges as a symbol of divine-human encounter, especially associated with the context of prayer and worship and symbolising a sense of beauty, awe, power, intimacy and faith-building. In theological terms, speaking in tongues may be described as trinitarian, sacramental and as demonstrating an important feature of the Kingdom of God. An extensive literature review considers material from the New Testament, Pentecostal and Charismatic theology, and the behavioural and social sciences. This book offers a unique contribution to Pentecostal and Charismatic scholarship, as well as the emerging scholarly tradition of Practical Theology.
The focus of this study is upon ecstasy as the confusing antecedent of Corinthian glossolalia. Most commentators accept ecstasy as the most significant characteristic of the Corinthian Christian glossolalic phenomenon. This assumption is questioned in this research, because it needs to be clarified. It is contended that ecstasy is the confusing element because it was characteristic of the contemporary Corinthian mystery religious practice and that that background was carried into the Corinthian church thus colouring Paul’s treatment of the subject. It is not to be seen as an essential element of glossolalia. Most commentators agree that the glossolalic phenomenon in the Acts is different from that at Corinth. What then is a valid charismatic glossolalia? It is contended that the Acts draws attention to the only authentic cases (and they are three) of glossolalia in the Bible. The book of First Corinthians gives a corrective to an abuse, with no clear authentication of a gift. Paul gives guidelines necessitated by the background of religious ecstasy. Hence, instead of proposing ground rules for a valid spiritual expression, it becomes apparent that First Corinthians is giving a restrained corrective against an abuse of contemporary culture that masqueraded as an authentic Christian experience. It is ecstasy that is the confusing element to this picture. It should be added, that the Acts experiences speak of valid one-stage linguistic phenomena, whilst the gift to the church in 1 Corinthians is clearly a two-stage phenomenon. Bergsma, reflecting on the repetitious and almost daily "unsignificant (sic) revelations" of modern glossolalists, believes that they are "misguided or ... presumptuous. It is like the Himalayan Mountain in obstetrical labour and producing a mouse!” The preoccupation and emphasis is out of all proportion to the minimal benefits derived, and indeed the mischief it generates. The overall significance of the study is to provide a basis for authenticating a valid glossolalic expression, and all this comes from the foundation of the test case in Corinth, which in turn is dependent upon an understanding of ecstasy in the antecedent Mystery Religions of Corinthian contemporary society. Dr Clifford Wilson - himself a prolific author – urged: “Whatever else happens, you must publish the historic material, there are very few people who have any idea of the true background of glossolalia within their denominations”.
Pentecostals (traditionally) do not think theologically so much as do it practically. This book will present Pentecostal theology as well as the particular style of Pentecostal thinking and praxis that makes it different. Pentecostalism is not just distinctive because of its belief base but also because of the worldview it owns. The latter is based on a certainty that a religion that does not work is not worth much. Consequently, they look for expressions of life and vitality in their faith. These dominate, rather than an expression of the cerebral, though this is changing. Nevertheless, the sense of the immediate, the God of the now not the distant past, underlie how they do theology. Pentecostal theology tends to be seen through the eyes of people, not theologians; through the community, not traditions (though they have them); through their faith and worship, not ancient creeds. It is a theology of the dynamic, seen through the lens of experience. It is a functional theology that exists to operate; to incorporate an experiential dimension. Pentecostal theology does not operate as other theologies which often only detail a list of beliefs; it does this but also and (more) importantly, it explores them in the context of praxis. Thus, this volume incorporates praxis as part of the enquiry relating to theology.
James Leo Garrett Jr. has been called "the last of the gentlemen theologians" and "the dean of Southern Baptist theologians." In The Collected Writings of James Leo Garrett Jr., 1950-2015, the reader will find a truly dazzling collection of works that clearly evince the meticulous scholarship, the even-handed treatment, the biblical fidelity, the wide historical breadth, and the honest sincerity that have made the work and person of James Leo Garrett Jr. so esteemed and revered among so many. Volume 3 contains his works on ecclesiology and provides much-needed light in a day of great confusion on many issues related to the nature, purpose, and mission of the church. Spanning sixty-five years and touching on topics from Baptist history, theology, ecclesiology, church history and biography, religious liberty, Roman Catholicism, and the Christian life, The Collected Writings of James Leo Garrett Jr., 1950-2015 will inform and inspire readers regardless of their religious or denominational affiliations.
UNIQUE. This is the only known construct to demonstrate the true gift of languages (together with interpretation as a composite gift), showing its source, purpose and operation. This unique construct demonstrates all the biblical criteria, in particular: the source in God (Trinitarian) as for ALL gifts, the ministry to the church (as for ALL the gifts), its relevance today in spite of arguments to the contrary, the fact that it has never been abrogated at any time, its method of operation that can be independently validated and thereby protect its operation from abuse, its purpose as an unambiguous sign of God’s judgement and displeasure with unpersuaded believers in the church—hence a gift for the church.
For many years Gordon Fee, one of today's foremost evangelical scholars, has been asked to bring his trusted biblical expertise together with his well-known passion for the gospel and the church. Listening to the Spirit in the Text is his answer. Gathered here are Fee's best studies and reflections on the art of attending to the biblical text critically yet with a deep spiritual sensitivity. These insightful chapters cover a wide range of contemporary topics, including the relationship between Bible study and spirituality, gender issues, worship, tongues speaking, church order and leadership, the believer and possessions, and the role of the gospel in our global society.