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Excerpt from A Text-Book of Inorganic Chemistry, Descriptive, Theoretical, and Practical, Vol. 1: A Manual for Advanced Students; Non-Metallic Elements T hey may change position, color, structure, temperature, and, in fact, may undergo almost innumerable other changes. If a polished piece of iron is exposed to the air, its bright surface becomes covered with a reddish-colored matter if a current of electricity is passed through it, it attracts other pieces of iron; if it is exposed to a high temperature, it becomes red. Energy in some of its many forms causes these changes. Energy is sometimes defined as the power to do work, as the power to overcome resistance z'.e. To change the position or relation of bodies or parts of bodies. Work is the act of producing a change in opposition to force. Forms of Energy. There are many forms of energy, such as heat, light, chemism, motion, and electricity. Each of these forms of energy may be accompanied by, and may be changed into, other forms. Examine, for example, the pro duction of electrical energy, taking as the starting-point the burning of the fuel under the boiler. The chemical energy pro duced by the burning of the fuel is transformed into heat and light energy by the water this energy is changed to molecular energy or energy of motion; this sets in motion the engine, which in turn starts the dynamo, which in its turn converts this motion into electrical energy. The electrical energy meets with resistance at the lamps and is converted into heat and light again. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1892 edition. Excerpt: ... late as 1865 it was prepared in small quantities only, and was used mostly as samples in teaching chemistry. The price then was about $16 per pound, while to-day it costs not far from 25 cents per pound. Tests. -- Free bromine is recognized by its odor and color and by its action on carbon disulphide when in water solution. When its water solution is shaken with ether or chloroform, characteristically colored solutions are produced. IODINE. Occurrence in Nature.-- Iodine do'es not occur in nature as a free element, its chemism causing it always to unite with some other element. Its compounds occur in small quantities in sea-water, and in the bodies of both animals and plants living in sea-water; e.g. in sponges, the livers of certain fishes, in oysters, and in sea-weed. It is always found in Chili saltpetre, combined with silver in Mexico, and in sea-water. Seaweed is one of its principal sources. Methods of Preparation. -- In the preparation of any substance for commercial purposes, the cost of manufacture decides the source from which the crude material shall come and the process by which it shall be prepared, providing there are several sources from which it may be procured. Various kinds of sea-plants assimilate the compounds containing iodine, thus virtually condensing the sea-water, so far as this substance is concerned. The gathering and burning of the weeds, after the storms have thrown them on the shore, forms the occupation of a large number of persons living on the coast of Ireland and Scotland and France. In the early part of this century the ashes of these sea-weeds sold for about $100 per ton; but owing to the discovery of iodine in Chili saltpetre, this method for its production has been quite largely superseded. The...
This comprehensive textbook covers the fundamental principles and applications of inorganic chemistry, with an emphasis on practical laboratory work. It is an essential resource for students and instructors alike. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
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