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Excerpt from A d104-Book of Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 2: Descriptive, Theoretical, and Practical a Manual for Advanced Students, Part II, Metallic Elements and Qualitative Analysis The favorable reception that has been given to Part I. Of this work has encouraged the author to publish Part II., which completes the volume. The same general method of present ing the subject that was adopted for Part I. Has been fol lowed in this part. The treatment given the classification of the elements by the periodic law it is hoped will prove sufficiently extended to meet the needs of students using this work, although many points in reference to it have not been spoken of. Much work in collecting and bringing periodic facts together has been merely suggested, and then left for the. Student (and instructor) to do, in the hope that it will stimulate a study of these facts, and thus impress them on the mind of the learner. The writer believes that quantitative study should begin early in a course in chemistry, and so much of this has been introduced as experience has shown beginners can profitably do. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
In revising the text opportunity has been taken to introduce SI units throughout. An Appendix has been included which contains tables of SI units and a table of conversion factors for use when consulting data in non-SI units. Chapter 19 now includes experiments demon strating the use of ion-exchange and solid-liquid chromatography_ Exercises involving colorimetry have been included in Chapter 17. These techniques are introduced as part of a complementary exercise where their relevance is seen as part of a complete piece of work. Minor improvements have been made to some of the experimental procedures and we are grateful to those who have made helpful suggestions in this respect. G. PASS H. SUTCLIFFE iii Preface to the First Edition The student of inorganic chemistry is fortunate in having a wide choice of textbooks covering the descriptive and theoretical aspects of the sUbject. There is no comparable choice of textbooks covering practical inorganic chemistry. Moreover, there is a tendency for many students to draw an unfortunate distinction between chemistry taught in the lecture room, and laboratory work. Consideration of these points prompted the preparation of this book, in which we have attempted to emphasize the relationship between theory and practice.
Excerpt from A Text-Book of Inorganic Chemistry, Descriptive, Theoretical, and Practical, Vol. 1: A Manual for Advanced Students; Non-Metallic Elements T hey may change position, color, structure, temperature, and, in fact, may undergo almost innumerable other changes. If a polished piece of iron is exposed to the air, its bright surface becomes covered with a reddish-colored matter if a current of electricity is passed through it, it attracts other pieces of iron; if it is exposed to a high temperature, it becomes red. Energy in some of its many forms causes these changes. Energy is sometimes defined as the power to do work, as the power to overcome resistance z'.e. To change the position or relation of bodies or parts of bodies. Work is the act of producing a change in opposition to force. Forms of Energy. There are many forms of energy, such as heat, light, chemism, motion, and electricity. Each of these forms of energy may be accompanied by, and may be changed into, other forms. Examine, for example, the pro duction of electrical energy, taking as the starting-point the burning of the fuel under the boiler. The chemical energy pro duced by the burning of the fuel is transformed into heat and light energy by the water this energy is changed to molecular energy or energy of motion; this sets in motion the engine, which in turn starts the dynamo, which in its turn converts this motion into electrical energy. The electrical energy meets with resistance at the lamps and is converted into heat and light again. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1892 edition. Excerpt: ... late as 1865 it was prepared in small quantities only, and was used mostly as samples in teaching chemistry. The price then was about $16 per pound, while to-day it costs not far from 25 cents per pound. Tests. -- Free bromine is recognized by its odor and color and by its action on carbon disulphide when in water solution. When its water solution is shaken with ether or chloroform, characteristically colored solutions are produced. IODINE. Occurrence in Nature.-- Iodine do'es not occur in nature as a free element, its chemism causing it always to unite with some other element. Its compounds occur in small quantities in sea-water, and in the bodies of both animals and plants living in sea-water; e.g. in sponges, the livers of certain fishes, in oysters, and in sea-weed. It is always found in Chili saltpetre, combined with silver in Mexico, and in sea-water. Seaweed is one of its principal sources. Methods of Preparation. -- In the preparation of any substance for commercial purposes, the cost of manufacture decides the source from which the crude material shall come and the process by which it shall be prepared, providing there are several sources from which it may be procured. Various kinds of sea-plants assimilate the compounds containing iodine, thus virtually condensing the sea-water, so far as this substance is concerned. The gathering and burning of the weeds, after the storms have thrown them on the shore, forms the occupation of a large number of persons living on the coast of Ireland and Scotland and France. In the early part of this century the ashes of these sea-weeds sold for about $100 per ton; but owing to the discovery of iodine in Chili saltpetre, this method for its production has been quite largely superseded. The...