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This dissertation, "A Study of Tenant Mix Planning of Regional Shopping Centres and Its Implications" by Kit-ying, Fung, 馮潔英, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. DOI: 10.5353/th_b4389548 Subjects: Store location - Economic aspects - China - Hong Kong Shopping centers - Economic aspects - China - Hong Kong Shopping centers - China - Hong Kong - Planning
This dissertation, "Tenant Mix Planning in Hong Kong Shopping Centres" by Luen-yan, Choi, 蔡鸞恩, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: The successful factors of a shopping centre include the location, accessibility, design layout, tenant mix, internal environment and design, facilities provision. Many scholars argue on the successful factors of a shopping centre which are either the location or the tenant mix. According to Abratt et al. (1985), he mentioned the tenant mix was the most important determinant affecting the shopping centres. Once the shopping arcade is strategically positioned in a prominent location with frequent contacts to shoppers and the public, tenant mix will become the next most critical factor to the success of the shopping centres. Since Hong Kong has a comprehensive and convenient transportation network, it reduces the significance of location for a successful shopping centre. The purpose of this thesis is to focus on the importance of tenant mix and determinants of tenant mix in retail property management in Hong Kong shopping centre. The objective of this paper accounts for (1) the significance of tenant mix and (2) the most critical determinants of trade mix and (3) making suggestions for retail property management. There is a case study conducted in Mira Mall. It mainly focus on several theories related to tenant mix planning. They included (1) Central Place Theory, (2) Retailer Agglomeration, (3) Store Choice Model, (4) Retail Demand Externalities and (5) Bid- Rent Theory. Literature review, interview with leasing manager and survey questionnaire are under studied in order to get the result. The sample for this study is taken in form of simple random sampling. Interviewees were drawn from the shoppers in Mira Mall. Their opinions would be summarized for the analysis of a well-balanced tenant mix. The research result showed that a well-planned tenant mix is necessary and it can provide positive effects. It firstly identifies most of the customers' needs for the area in forming the tenant mix. Anchor tenants are the most critical determinants which affected the patronage and choice of the shopping centre. It helps to generate positive retail demand externalities and differentiation. Secondly, tenant selection of other tenants to match with the anchor tenants is essential. In tenant placement strategy, landlord is suggested to use the strategy of homogenous agglomeration. Stores should avoid vicious competition, they should treat them as synergy effect among the trade area. Meanwhile in order to adapt to the changing environment and survive in the market, frequent reviews of the existing tenant mix is important. This act could help the centre to keep competitive power among the competitors nearby. Once the strategy is successful, they will have a great return and benefits including the reinforcement in promoting the corporate image and goodwill for both the developers and the tenants. This creates a win-win situation. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5118458 Subjects: Shopping centers - China - Hong Kong - Management Commercial leases - China - Hong Kong
Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2016 in the subject Art - Architecture / History of Construction, grade: 2.5, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur (Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology), language: English, abstract: Organized retail formats are growing twice as fast as their traditional counterparts. But, in spite of that, the mall management is concerned about the rising rate of vacancy leading to economic unsustainability. The reason for high mall vacancy rates can be ascribed to faulty tenant placement and irrational rental plan. Existing studies on the tenant-mix-decisions focus more on inter store externality and not on the spatial logic. Moreover, normal industry practice follows rule-of-thumb instead of any scientific approach. A bid-rent model for profit maximization of individual stores is solved to identify the relationship between area allocation and rental decision with the customer density at that point. The customer density in turn depends on the accessibility and explained through visibility graph analysis and agent based simulation. The findings support the superiority of configurational characteristic over metric distances. A model for profit maximization of the entire shopping mall is proposed to explain the tenanting, rental and anchor rent subsidization decisions based on logic of spatial configuration. Space planning, in this way, can be considered as a tool for strategic decision making instead of an accommodator of functions.
Improving Tenant Mix: A Guide for Commercial District Practitioners is an invaluable guide for economic development practitioners leading retail attraction efforts in downtowns and neighborhood business districts. This guide is written for public-sector officials as well as staff at Business Improvement Districts and community-based non-profits -- anyone leading efforts to improve tenant mix along traditional retail corridors and districts.
This dissertation, "A Comparative Study of Tenant Mix Between Shopping Centres in Residential Buildings and Office Buildings" by Yuen-kwan, Lai, 黎婉筠, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. DOI: 10.5353/th_b4500936 Subjects: Shopping centers - China - Hong Kong Joint occupancy of buildings - China - Hong Kong Mixed use developments - China - Hong Kong Commercial leases - China - Hong Kong
First published in 2004, This collection explores the emerging and diverse world of retail marketing by tracing its development from the 1980s to the present day. The market-driven retail company shows concern for the customer throughout the organisation, throughout all functions and departments. Such a company tries to understand how customers choose their purchases, the criteria they use, and attempts to ensure that it is more successful in meeting customer requirements than the competition. Retail Marketing discusses what range of products and services should be offered, where, at what price, and how these activities should be advertised, promoted and developed.
Shopping centers have become the most common of shopping environments and have influenced the make-up of cities around the world. However, in recent years, the enclosed "mall" has evolved and diversified with new types of retail environments that were developed to better suit their locale and meet public expectation. This design guide has over 600 illustrations that present the core values and considerations that make a successful retail center: location, catchment user needs, as well as access and layout. Covering everything from site master planning to the essentials of public facilities and the technical systems, this is essential reading for architects of contemporary shopping centers. A series of international examples showcasing different types of shopping environments are included to cover the wide range of designs that have occurred in recent years. From the "out of town" mall to retail parks and mixed use town center developments, the best of contemporary design is illustrated to provide both practical information and inspiration.