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Based on limited diffraction beam theory, a high frame rate (HFR) imaging method was developed previously. In this method, a plane wave is used in transmission and limited-diffraction array beams are used in reception. Because only one transmission is needed to obtain a 3D image, ultrahigh image frame rate can be achieved. The method was also studied for multiple plane wave and limited-diffraction array beam transmissions to increase image field of view and image quality. Recently, the HFR imaging method was further studied in detail and extended. A theory was established to include explicitly multiple steered plane wave and limited-diffraction array beam transmissions and the relationship between limited-diffraction array beam aperture weightings and the Fourier transform over the transducer aperture was established. Moreover, a method based on square-wave aperture weightings to simplify the transmission subsystem of an ultrasound imaging system was developed. Although the extended HFR imaging methods have many advantages as compared to the conventional imaging methods in terms of image frame rate, resolution, and contrast, there is a concern of the influences of motion artifacts, phase aberration of biological tissues to ultrasound beams, and noise of imaging systems. In this dissertation, studies on the influences of these effects on the extended HFR imaging methods are carried out. In addition, the code excitation techniques are used to increase image frame rate of limited-diffraction array beam imaging that achieves two-way dynamic focusing. To perform both in vitro and in vivo experiments to validate the studies, a HFR imaging system has been developed by a team of researchers in the Ultrasound Lab. The circuit design, construction, and troubleshooting of the system will be discussed.
In this dissertation, wave propagation and limited-diffraction beams are further studied to gain a deep understanding of their principles and applications in ultrasonic imaging. With the concept of angular spectrum, the ultrasound fields generated by array transducers are mapped as the summation of limited-diffraction beams. A new method of spatial impulse response based on simple algebraic operations instead of complex geometrical considerations for rectangular arrays is derived. Numerical and experimental results show that the method developed has a high accuracy and efficiency. Based on the knowledge of previous studies, a general theory of Fourier based imaging method is developed from the diffraction tomography theory that solves the inhomogeneous Helmoholtz equation under the Born approximation. The object function defined in this theory is more naturally linked to the physical properties of the object, such as the relative change of local compressibility and density. With this treatment, limited-diffraction array beam and broad-band steered plane wave transmissions studied previously are included, in addition to other previously studied imaging methods. A relationship between the Fourier transform of the echo data and that of the object function is established. The theory is developed directly in 3D. Computer simulations, imaging experiments for wire targets, tissue-mimicking phantoms, and in vivo kidney and heart are carried out to verify the theory using the high frame rate imaging system. To study various methods on wave propagations, limited diffraction beams, and high frame rate imaging, logics and programs are designed and implemented for a general-purpose high-frame-rate ultrasound imaging system. The system has 128 independent transmit and receive channels, each has a high-speed, high-precision A/D, D/A, and a large storage. The system is flexible for various ultrasound experiments.
The first book on Localized Waves—a subject of phenomenal worldwide research with important applications from secure communications to medicine Localized waves—also known as non-diffractive waves—are beams and pulses capable of resisting diffraction and dispersion over long distances even in non-guiding media. Predicted to exist in the early 1970s and obtained theoretically and experimentally as solutions to the wave equations starting in 1992, localized waves now garner intense worldwide research with applications in all fields where a role is played by a wave equation, from electromagnetism to acoustics and quantum physics. In the electromagnetics areas, they are paving the way, for instance, to ubiquitous secure communications in the range of millimeter waves, terahertz frequencies, and optics. At last, the localized waves with an envelope at rest are expected to have important applications especially in medicine. Localized Waves brings together the world's most productive researchers in the field to offer a well-balanced presentation of theory and experiments in this new and exciting subject. Composed of thirteen chapters, this dynamic volume: Presents a thorough review of the theoretical foundation and historical aspects of localized waves Explores the interconnections of the subject with other technologies and scientific areas Analyzes the effect of arbitrary anisotropies on both continuous-wave and pulsed non-diffracting fields Describes the physical nature and experimental implementation of localized waves Provides a general overview of wave localization, for example in photonic crystals, which have received increasing attention in recent years Localized Waves is the first book to cover this emerging topic, making it an indispensable resource in particular for researchers in electromagnetics, acoustics, fundamental physics, and free-space communications, while also serving as a requisite text for graduate students.
This continuation and extension of the successful book "Localized Waves" by the same editors brings together leading researchers in non-diffractive waves to cover the most important results in their field and as such is the first to present the current state. The well-balanced presentation of theory and experiments guides readers through the background of different types of non-diffractive waves, their generation, propagation, and possible applications. The authors include a historical account of the development of the field, and cover different types of non-diffractive waves, including Airy waves and realistic, finite-energy solutions suitable for experimental realization. Apart from basic research, the concepts explained here have promising applications in a wide range of technologies, from wireless communication to acoustics and bio-medical imaging.
This book aims to provide information about Fourier transform to those needing to use infrared spectroscopy, by explaining the fundamental aspects of the Fourier transform, and techniques for analyzing infrared data obtained for a wide number of materials. It summarizes the theory, instrumentation, methodology, techniques and application of FTIR spectroscopy, and improves the performance and quality of FTIR spectrophotometers.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging" that was published in Applied Sciences
Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging provides a unified description of the physical principles of ultrasound imaging, signal processing, systems and measurements. This comprehensive reference is a core resource for both graduate students and engineers in medical ultrasound research and design. With continuing rapid technological development of ultrasound in medical diagnosis, it is a critical subject for biomedical engineers, clinical and healthcare engineers and practitioners, medical physicists, and related professionals in the fields of signal and image processing. The book contains 17 new and updated chapters covering the fundamentals and latest advances in the area, and includes four appendices, 450 figures (60 available in color on the companion website), and almost 1,500 references. In addition to the continual influx of readers entering the field of ultrasound worldwide who need the broad grounding in the core technologies of ultrasound, this book provides those already working in these areas with clear and comprehensive expositions of these key new topics as well as introductions to state-of-the-art innovations in this field. Enables practicing engineers, students and clinical professionals to understand the essential physics and signal processing techniques behind modern imaging systems as well as introducing the latest developments that will shape medical ultrasound in the future Suitable for both newcomers and experienced readers, the practical, progressively organized applied approach is supported by hands-on MATLAB® code and worked examples that enable readers to understand the principles underlying diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound Covers the new important developments in the use of medical ultrasound: elastography and high-intensity therapeutic ultrasound. Many new developments are comprehensively reviewed and explained, including aberration correction, acoustic measurements, acoustic radiation force imaging, alternate imaging architectures, bioeffects: diagnostic to therapeutic, Fourier transform imaging, multimode imaging, plane wave compounding, research platforms, synthetic aperture, vector Doppler, transient shear wave elastography, ultrafast imaging and Doppler, functional ultrasound and viscoelastic models
This book constitutes the Proceedings of the 26th Symposium on Acoustical Imaging held inWindsor, Ontario, Canada during September 9-12, 2001. This traditional scientific event is recognized as a premier forum for the presentation of advanced research results in both theoretical and experimental development. The lAIS was conceived at a 1967Acoustical Holography meeting in the USA. Since then, these traditional symposia provide an opportunity for specialists who are working in this area to make new acquaintances, renew old friendships and present recent results of their research. Our Symposium has grown significantly in size due to a broad interest in various topics and to the quality of the presentations. For the firsttime in 40 years, the IAIS was held in the province of Ontario in Windsor, Canada's Automotive Capital and City of Roses. The 26th IAIS attracted over 100specialists from 13countries representing this interdisciplinary field in physical acoustics, image processing, applied mathematics, solid-state physics, biology and medicine, industrial applications and quality control technologies. The 26th lAIS was organized in the traditional way with only one addition-a Special Session "History of Acoustical Imaging" with the involvement of such well known scientists as Andrew Briggs, Noriyoshi Chubachi, Robert Green Jr., Joie Jones, Kenneth Erikson, and Bernhard Tittmann. Many of these speakers are well known scientists in their fields and we would like to thank them for making this session extremely successful.
Up-to-Date Details on Using Ultrasound Imaging to Help Diagnose Various DiseasesDue to improvements in image quality and the reduced cost of advanced features, ultrasound imaging is playing a greater role in the diagnosis and image-guided intervention of a wide range of diseases. Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy highlights the latest advances in usin