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Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Microbursts are small downbursts, less than 4km in outflow size, with peak winds lasting only 2 to 5 minutes. They can be classified as either midair or surface microbursts and also either wet or dry microbursts. All microbursts are characterized by a vertical downrush of air with a divergent outflow at its base. The parent clouds associated with microbursts are: Cumulonimbus; Towering Cumulus; and Anvil Cirrus. Most origin theories credit thermodynamic factors with microburst creation. Wolfson (1983) contends that microbursts result from dynamically induced vertical pressure gradients that are intrinsic characteristics of strong mesocyclone circulation. Doppler radar is the primary tool for detecting and observing microbursts. Wind field mapping is accomplished by either a single, dual or triple radar configuration. Single radar analysis methods require the most external assumptions but are the least expensive. Multiple radar techniques provide more accuracy but are more costly. Wilson and Roberts (1983) propose a number of alternatives for realtime operational detection of microbursts in an airport environment. Of these alternatives they chose a single radar, on airport configuration as the optimum choice when considering economic feasibility as well as technical performance. (Author).
In the interest of aviation safety, NASA and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) are jointly conducting research to determine the applicability of airborne, coherent Doppler radar techniques to detect early microburst in wind shear conditions during aircraft takeoff and landing. If early detection of these severe wind shear conditions can be demonstrated, avoidance maneuvers can be exercised and significantly reduce the probability of aircraft disaster. Researchers have developed a computer model of the radar which predicts its response when viewing a simulated microburst against the simulated clutter background of an airport, the so-called radar-microburst-ground clutter model. Studies employing this model revealed that Doppler radar can accurately detect microburst ahead of the aircraft in time for pilot evasive response, but flight experiments will be required for complete performance evaluation of the system.
General activity review of associated branches and agencies to the Department which includes corporate securities registrations, a list of tenders received, and general financial data. Branches and agencies reviewed are responsible for motor vehicle activity, highway construction, traffic engineering, telecommunications and public utilities.