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Ethiopia is clearly one of the most important countries in Africa. First of all, with about 75 million people, it is the third most populous country in Africa. Second, it is very strategically located, in the Horn of Africa and bordering Eritrea, Sudan, Kenya, and Somalia, with some of whom it has touchy and sometimes worse relations. Yet, its capital – Addis Ababa – is the headquarters of the African Union, the prime meeting place for Africa’s leaders. So, if things went poorly in Ethiopia, this would not be good for Africa, and for a long time this was the case, with internal disruption rife, until it was literally suppressed under the strong rule of the recently deceased Meles Zenawi. The Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia, Second Edition covers the history of Ethiopia through a chronology, an introductory essay, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has several hundred cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Ethiopia.
This book aims to clarify the link between geographic clustering and international competitiveness in light of the Turkish experience, a subject that is high on the agendas of researchers as well as policy makers and strategic planners. The key findings of the study are discussed with respect to the recent debates on clusters to provide a full account of what the Turkish experience, when looked from the viewpoint of the strategic management discipline, offers to further intellectual thinking on clusters.
Addressing rural development is key for Ethiopia's growth process. A series of government-led structural reforms have contributed to sustained growth in the country over the last two decades as well as to considerable poverty reduction in rural areas. However, Ethiopia faces critical challenges it will need to overcome to meet the needs of a growing rural population. In practice, this will require updating the existing rural development strategy in order to better integrate the interaction of rural and urban areas. Policy approaches that account for the fast urbanisation process experienced in the country will therefore be key to improving the well-being of rural populations and promoting national growth. This report takes a spatial approach to study Ethiopia's rural development strategies. It highlights the need to develop stronger and more functional linkages between rural and urban areas. As such, the development of intermediary cities and small urban centres provides large scope for inclusive rural transformation. The report is the result of rigorous analysis, and extensive consultations with national and international stakeholders. It identifies some of the key challenges faced by rural areas and provides a series of recommendations to enhance Ethiopia's rural development strategies.
This Handbook illustrates the diverse and complex nature of industrial hubs and shows how industrial hubs promote industrialization, economic structural transformation, and economic catch-up.
This paper evaluates Ethiopia’s urbanization trend during the last four decades, while also considering Ethiopia’s structural transformation and recent public investments to promote greater industrialization within the country. Ethiopia’s urban population grew 4.2 percent per year between 1994 and 2015, far outpacing the overall population growth rate of 2.5 percent. Compared to the urban growth rate of Africa (3.5 percent per year), Ethiopia experienced a 20 percent faster urban population growth rate (UNDESA 2015). Urbanization in Ethiopia is expected to reach 38 percent by 2050. However, this level is relatively low compared to the majority of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Improved road infrastructure, rural to urban migration and secondary city development is increasing urbanization within the country. In addition, recent public investments to promote industrialization and increase manufacturing labor opportunities via newly constructed and planned industrial parks are projected to increase urbanization and bolster structural transformation across the country. We evaluate these investments and demographic trends within the context of other countries in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as with the experience of India and China. Ethiopia’s investment in higher-value manufacturing and service activities via economic zones may provide similar infrastructure to that of China and India’s ‘township and village enterprises’ (TVE). However, a focus on increasing human capacity and labor mobility will be necessary to ensure that rural farmers are able to take advantage of labor opportunities outside of the agriculture sector. We calculate the projected economic impact of Ethiopia’s planned industrial zones and sugar factories and find that while public and private investment in industrial and agro-industrial parks may provide a catalyst for future growth, they are likely to provide only a small share of total output and employment. Investments in sugar factories are anticipated to total USD 5.2 billion, with estimated production of USD 3.6 billion and value-added of USD 3.3 billion. However, an increase in sugar output of this magnitude would imply massive sugar exports that may not be financially profitable.
This book provides a comprehensive discussion on urban growth and sprawl, and how they can be analyzed using remote sensing imageries. It compiles views of numerous researchers that help in understanding the urban growth and sprawl; their patterns, process, causes, consequences, and countermeasures; how remote sensing data and geographic information system techniques can be used in mapping, monitoring, measuring, analyzing, and simulating the urban growth and sprawl and what are the merits and demerits of available methods and models. This book will be of value for the scientists and researchers engaged in urban geographic research, especially using remote sensing imageries. This book will serve as a rigours literature review for them. Post graduate students of urban geography or urban/regional planning may refer this book as additional studies. This book may help the academicians for preparing lecture notes and delivering lectures. Industry professionals may also be benefited from the discussed methods and models along with numerous citations.
This book is an outcome of research on African development from the standpoint of economic geography which I have been undertaking over the last four years. The initial impetus for the research was a social science grant from the Rockefeller Foundation which enabled me to write most of the preliminary draft of the book during a sabbatical in1984/85 which I spent at the University of Zimbabwe as Visiting Professor of Geography. A good deal of the latter part of the book was written in September of 1985 at the Rockefeller Foundation Study and ConferenceCenter in Bellagio, Italy, where I spent three weeks as a member of theReflections on Development Fellows of the Foundation from Africa and Asia.