Download Free A Simple Variable Expansion Ratio Spark Ignition Four Stroke Engine Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online A Simple Variable Expansion Ratio Spark Ignition Four Stroke Engine and write the review.

Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.
This book provides design assistance with the actual mechanical design of an engine in which the gas dynamics, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and combustion have been optimized so as to provide the required performance characteristics such as power, torque, fuel consumption, or noise emission.
The 53 technical papers in this book show the improvements and design techniques that researchers have applied to performance and racing engines. They provide an insight into what the engineers consider to be the top improvements needed to advance engine technology; and cover subjects such as: 1) Direct injection; 2) Valve spring advancements; 3) Turbocharging; 4) Variable valve control; 5) Combustion evaluation; and 5) New racing engines.
Abstract : Recent fuel economy and emission regulations are the major concern of the research and development of modern internal combustion engine. Such technologies include variable valve timing (VVT), direct injection (DI), turbocharging, downsizing, and over-expanded cycle are used by many manufacturers to improve engine fuel economy or increase power density. Current Atkinson cycle technology in the production engine is mainly realized by an advanced valvetrain system to reduce the effective compression ratio while maintaining the same expansion ratio. Another approach to realize over-expanded cycle engine is to utilize a multi-link cranktrain mechanism. Although the Atkinson cycle was originally patented in the 1880s, the research of the over-expanded cycle engine realized by a multi-link cranktrain design is incomplete. This study focuses on the investigation of over-expanded engine realized by a cranktrain with a multi-link mechanism. The multi-link mechanism of cranktrain was developed and simulated with the constraints of packaging and match the same specification as the baseline engine including compression ratio, bore, and intake/compression stroke. This study also discusses adapting the cam profiles, cam phasing, and spark timing to compensate for the geometric characteristics difference between an Atkinson cycle engine and a conventional engine. The 1-D engine model was developed and calibrated in the commercial engine program, GT-Suite/GT-Power, based on the experimental results from a production four-cylinder spark-ignited engine (not over-expanded). The simulations of multi-link over-expanded engine and high compression engine were realized by substituting the new cranktrain for the baseline cranktrain In this study, the investigation of the multi-link over-expanded engine included a series of operating conditions from light load to high load. The results were compared at the optimized condition between the baseline engine, multi-link over-expand engine, and high compression engine. At the light load condition, it was observed that the net indicated efficiency of the over-expanded engine was slightly improved based on the adjustment method. This study also investigated the operating condition of the baseline engine with knock constrained and exhaust temperature constrained conditions at medium to high load. With the optimization, the over-expanded cycle engine is less constrained than the baseline engine due to the reduced knock propensity and exhaust gas temperature resulting in the further improvement of net indicated efficiency. The study of the multi-link over-expanded cycle engine includes the comparison with the latest production high compression ratio engine, representing state-of-the-art high efficiency engine technologies. The net indicated efficiency of multi-link over-expanded engine is even better than the peak efficiency point of the high compression engine.