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The many economic factors affecting sustainability of the Gulf of Mexico region are perhaps as important as the waves on its shores and its abundant marine life. This second volume in Gulf of Mexico Origin, Waters, and Biota (a multivolumed work edited by John W. Tunnell Jr., Darryl L. Felder, and Sylvia A. Earle) assesses the Gulf of Mexico as a single economic region. The book provides information and baseline data useful for assessing the goals of economic and environmental sustainability in the Gulf. In five chapters, economists, political scientists, and ecologists from Florida, California, Louisiana, Texas, Maine, and Mexico cover topics such as: the idea of the Gulf as a transnational community; the quantitative value of its productivity; a summary of the industries dependent on the Gulf, including shipping, tourism, oil and gas mining, fisheries, recreation, and real estate; the human uses and activities that affect coastal economies; and the economic trends evident in Mexico's drive toward coastal development. This first-of-its-kind reference work will be useful to scientists, economists, industry leaders, and policy makers whose work requires an understanding of the economic issues involved in science, business, trade, exploration, development, and commerce in the Gulf of Mexico.
"The Seventh Annual Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Technological Conference of the Americas was held January 11-14, 1982 in New Orleans. The proceedings includes 38 papers addressing two general topics, inspection and quality control of fisheries products, and fisheries economics and production. More specifically, the papers concern bacteriology, seafood storage techniques, public health, underutilized species, price forecasting, marketing and extension services, and management."--Texas A & M University sea grant publication website (http://texasseagrant.org/publications/category/1982-publications/)
The shrimp fishery of Texas has been the focus of continuing resource management efforts. Six management alternatives, recently proposed in fishery management plans or legislation, are analyzed. Management alternatives consist of closure of specified areas for particular periods of time, changes in count size regulations, or both. The analyses were conducted using a computer simulation model General Bioeconomic Fishery Simulation Model designed to represent the important biological and economic processes of the Texas shrimp fishery. For given levels of growth coefficients and natural mortality coefficients the model produced results very close to historical landings in terms of volume, size and seasonal distribution. Six management alternatives were evaluated in terms of their impact on total landings, amount of discards, cost and returns, and fishing effort employed. Impacts were estimated both for the first year and for a long-run situation, which gave the industry time to adjust by increasing or decreasing the number of bay boats and Gulf vessels. Management alternatives closing Texas offshore waters in the Fisheries Conservation Zones simultaneously with state closure had a slightly negative impact on total landings in the first year. It was estimated that increased landings later in the year could not offset landings lost due to closure. The most significant increase in landings resulted from management alternatives including elimination of the count size law. This was reflected in both first-year and long-run equilibria. Under all management alternatives examined, the number of Gulf vessels increased and the number of bay boats declined. Management alternatives eliminating the size restriction on landed shrimp would have the greatest impact on increasing vessel numbers. Because the industry in 1980 is not in equilibrium, short-run increases in vessel profits associated with these management alternatives would reduce some of the pressure forcing vessels out of the industry. It was found that closure of inshore waters during the spring season would have a negative impact on total landings the first year and only a small positive impact at equilibrium. At equilibrium, Gulf vessel landings were estimated to increase by 2.65 million pounds (heads-off) annually, with bay landings being reduced by 2.50 million pounds.
"The implementation of the Gulf of Mexico shrimp fishery management plan (FMP) in May 1981 permitted, for the first time, closure of the brown shrimp fishery fran the coastline to 200 nautical miles off the Texas coast. The objectives of the Texas closure management measure were to increase the yield of shrimp and to eliminate waste caused by discard of undersized shrimp in the fishery conservation zone (FCZ). According to the FMP, shrimp yield would be increased by protecting shrimp fran fishing during the period when they were predominantly small and were growing rapidly. Discards would be reduced by eliminating the count restriction in order to allow all shrimp caught to be landed. The Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council (GMFMC) agreed to continue this seasonal closure of the brown shrimp fishery off the Texas coast in 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985 and again in 1986. The 1986 Texas Closure was implemented fran 10 May to 2 July 1986, but unlike other years the area closed was only fran the coastline to 15 nautical miles off the Texas coast. It was determined by the Council that this type of closure would still allow small brown shrimp to be protected from harvest but would also allow the taking of larger brown shrimp by fisherman in deeper waters"--Introduction, paragraph 1