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The primary human activities that release carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere are the combustion of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and oil) to generate electricity, the provision of energy for transportation, and as a consequence of some industrial processes. Although aviation CO2 emissions only make up approximately 2.0 to 2.5 percent of total global annual CO2 emissions, research to reduce CO2 emissions is urgent because (1) such reductions may be legislated even as commercial air travel grows, (2) because it takes new technology a long time to propagate into and through the aviation fleet, and (3) because of the ongoing impact of global CO2 emissions. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research develops a national research agenda for reducing CO2 emissions from commercial aviation. This report focuses on propulsion and energy technologies for reducing carbon emissions from large, commercial aircraftâ€" single-aisle and twin-aisle aircraft that carry 100 or more passengersâ€"because such aircraft account for more than 90 percent of global emissions from commercial aircraft. Moreover, while smaller aircraft also emit CO2, they make only a minor contribution to global emissions, and many technologies that reduce CO2 emissions for large aircraft also apply to smaller aircraft. As commercial aviation continues to grow in terms of revenue-passenger miles and cargo ton miles, CO2 emissions are expected to increase. To reduce the contribution of aviation to climate change, it is essential to improve the effectiveness of ongoing efforts to reduce emissions and initiate research into new approaches.
Annotation A design textbook attempting to bridge the gap between traditional academic textbooks, which emphasize individual concepts and principles; and design handbooks, which provide collections of known solutions. The airbreathing gas turbine engine is the example used to teach principles and methods. The first edition appeared in 1987. The disk contains supplemental material. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
The first efforts of man to fly were limited by his ability to generate sufficient power to lift a heavier-than-air machine off the ground. Propulsion and thrust have therefore been the most fundamental elements in the development of aircraft engines. From the simple propellers of the first airliners of the 1920s and 1930s, to the turboprops and turbojets of the modern era, the engines used in airliners have undergone dramatic development over a century of remarkable change. These advances are examined in detail by aeronautical engineer and author Reiner Decher, who provides a layman’s guide to the engines that have, and continue to, power the aircraft which carry millions of travelers across millions of miles each year. Reiner Decher also looks at the development of aero engines during the Second World War and how that conflict drove innovation. He also explains the nature of wing design and how they provide lift and of the considerations of airflow over their surfaces, from the early days of the twentieth century to the present. To enable an easy understanding of this intriguing subject, Powering the World's Airliners is profusely illustrated, transporting readers back to the time of each major development and introducing them to the key individuals of the aero industry in each era. After reading this comprehensive yet engaging story of the machines that power the aircraft in which we fly, no journey will ever seem quite the same again.
Traces the history and development of the jet engine
The most comprehensive, current guide to aircraft powerplants Fully revised to cover the latest industry advances, Aircraft Powerplants, Eighth Edition, prepares you for certification as an FAA powerplant technician in accordance with the Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR). This authoritative text has been updated to reflect recent changes in FAR Part 147. This new edition features expanded coverage of turbine-engine theory and nomenclature; current models of turbofan, turboprop, and turboshaft engines; and up-to-date details on turbine-engine fuel, oil, and ignition systems. Important information on how individual components and systems operate together is integrated throughout the text. Clear photos of various components and a full-color insert of diagrams and systems are included. Review questions at the end of each chapter enable you to check your knowledge of the topics presented in this practical resource. Aircraft Powerplants, Eighth Edition, covers: Aircraft powerplant classification and progress Reciprocating-engine construction and nomenclature Internal-combustion engine theory and performance Lubricants and lubricating systems Induction systems, superchargers, turbochargers, and cooling and exhaust systems Basic fuel systems and carburetors Fuel injection systems Reciprocating-engine ignition and starting systems Operation, inspection, maintenance, and troubleshooting of reciprocating engines Reciprocating-engine overhaul practices Gas-turbine engine: theory, jet propulsion principles, engine performance, and efficiencies Principal parts of a gas-turbine engine, construction, and nomenclature Gas-turbine engine: fuels and fuel systems Turbine-engine lubricants and lubricating systems Ignition and starting systems of gas-turbine engines Turbofan, turboprop, and turboshaft engines Gas-turbine operation, inspection, troubleshooting, maintenance, and overhaul Propeller theory, nomenclature, and operation Turbopropellers and control systems Propeller installation, inspection, and maintenance Engine indicating, warning, and control systems
p="" This highly informative book offers a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of propulsion. The book focuses on foundational topics in propulsion, namely gas dynamics, turbomachinery, and combustion to more complex subjects such as practical design aspects of aircraft engines and thermodynamic aspects and analysis. It also includes pedagogical aspects such as end-of-chapter problems and worked examples to augment learning and self-testing. This book is a useful reference for students in the area of mechanical and aerospace engineering. Also, scientists and engineers working in the areas of aerospace propulsion and gas dynamics find this book a valuable addition. ^