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The Advanced Research Institute (ARI) on "The Application of Systems Science to Energy Policy Planning" was held under the auspices of the NATO Special Programme Panel on Systems Science in collaboration with the National Center for Analysis of Energy Sys tems, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA, as a part of the NATO Science Committee's continuous effort to promote the advancement of science through international cooperation. Advanced Research Institutes are sponsored by the NATO Science Committee for the purposes of bringing together senior scientists to seek consensus on an assessment of the present state of knowl edge on a specific topic and to make recommendations for future research directions. Meetings are structured to encourage inten sive group discussion. Invitees are carefully selected so that the group as a whole will contain the experience and expertise neces sary to make the conclusions valid and significant. A final report is published presenting the various viewpoints and conclusions. The NATO Systems Science Panel noted that the systems approach is increasingly being applied to energy policy analysis and plan ning in both public and private sectors of national economies. Consequently, it seemed appropriate at this time to bring together experts to review and evaluate recent experience, in order to iden tify strengths and weaknesses in current prac tice, and to make recommendations for research directions.
Policy, Planning, and People presents original essays by leading authorities in the field of urban policy and planning. The volume includes theoretical and practice-based essays that integrate social equity considerations into state-of-the-art discussions of findings in a variety of planning issues.
In 1983 the Economic Development Institute (EDI) made three important decisions concerning its transport activities. First, it planned to shift the emphasis in these activities from teaching project analysis to helping countries strengthen their capability for policy analysis, formulation, and implementation. Second, the EDI decided to incorporate policy analysis into its transport activities as much as possible. And, third, it would try to develop this new strategy by using microcomputers to simulate policy options and explore their complex interrelationships, as well as the relationship between each policy and its stated goals. Because these objectives encompassed national and local policy along with a wide range of policy alternatives, a comprehensive transport model seemed appropriate. The purpose of this document is to demonstrate how such a model can be used to evaluate policies, to compare it with other kinds of models, and to examine the use of models in the wider context of policy objectives and instruments. It considers the relationship between policy objectives and instruments; places transport models in the context of policymaking; and demonstrates the use of a comprehensive model for testing policy strategies. This manual is intended for the policymaker who has little modeling expertise; it is designed to make the policymaker aware of the possible use of models in decisionmaking.
Annotation. The global tourism industry continues a trend of sustained growth, moving more people and generating domestic and foreign revenues, often at the expense of the social and ecological integrity of destination regions. As a result, tourism policy makers have been forced to consider a variety of new approaches to ensure that the environment, local people, tourists, and business remain unaffected by the negative impacts of the industry.
In the third part some practical issues are raised by looking into the role of language and culture in teaching reading, foreign language policy in higher education, Hawaiian language regenesis, and gender neutralization in American English."--BOOK JACKET.