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This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Before new interventions are released into disease control programmes, it is essential that they are carefully evaluated in field trials'. These may be complex and expensive undertakings, requiring the follow-up of hundreds, or thousands, of individuals, often for long periods. Descriptions of the detailed procedures and methods used in the trials that have been conducted have rarely been published. A consequence of this, individuals planning such trials have few guidelines available and little access to knowledge accumulated previously, other than their own. In this manual, practical issues in trial design and conduct are discussed fully and in sufficient detail, that Field Trials of Health Interventions may be used as a toolbox' by field investigators. It has been compiled by an international group of over 30 authors with direct experience in the design, conduct, and analysis of field trials in low and middle income countries and is based on their accumulated knowledge and experience. Available as an open access book via Oxford Medicine Online, this new edition is a comprehensive revision, incorporating the new developments that have taken place in recent years with respect to trials, including seven new chapters on subjects ranging from trial governance, and preliminary studies to pilot testing.
This book investigates how strategic marketing is influencing organizations’ innovation performance. It presents a structured study conducted on micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to identify the correlation between innovation and strategic marketing in both Indian manufacturing and service organizations. Strategic marketing, which achieves excellence in organizations, is at the heart of improving productivity, profitability and market sustainability, while also supplying organizations a much sought-after competitive advantage. It has been observed that strategic marketing can significantly help any manufacturing firm to attain the required level of growth, and can specifically be used by Indian firms as a means of deriving differential advantages. Indian organizations that pursue more traditional approaches to strategy are now feeling the intense market pressure to modify their policy with respect to quality. The result has been a shift to ‘Strategy with Innovation’. As market competition has again increased, providing quality products and services alone is no longer sufficient; companies are additionally expected to provide products with a touch of innovation to attract customers. This calls for innovation in terms of products, processes, technologies, systems and practically every other area of an organization, which can only be achieved by combining strategies and innovation. This book identifies the variables of strategic marketing that can help companies significantly boost their innovation performance, making it a valuable resource for students, researchers, professionals and policymakers alike.
This Second Edition of the bestselling Advanced Design in Nursing Research has been substantially revised and reorganized. Using the principle that the level of knowledge available on a research topic determines the level of
This book will be a collection of papers from the BPS publication: International Coaching Psychology Review. The new work would bring together the best papers from the last 15 years of the peer review publication, with the aim of more widely showcasing this research, making more accessible to the growing number of coaching researchers in business, health and education, and practitioners where there is a growing interest in evidenced based practice. The last five years have seen a growth in the number of University courses in the UK, and wider English speaking world; Australia, South Africa, and US, as well as in Europe and beyond. We now estimate some fifty plus universities are offering coaching programmes at post-graduate level, with several hundred under-graduate and post-graduate coaching modules leading to a significant growth in coaching related research activity within universities. A second audience we see for the title are practitioners interested in evidenced based practice. In the early development of coaching the focus was on models, specifically those claiming high impact of magical transformations. The growing professionalism of coaching, and the focus of coaching professional bodes such as the International Coach Federation (ICF), Association for Coaching (AC) and European Mentoring and Coaching Council (EMCC) on evidenced based practice, as seen a growth interest in the science of coaching. ICPR's growth has been limited as access to the journal is constrained by the BPS. A paper copy of the journal is published, but due to BPS's approach to its in-house 'journals' the use of discoverability on the journals is severely constrained. As a result many of the papers are not in wider circulation, among coaching students and coaching academics.
The present text is the revised/updated version of the CIOMS International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects. It consists of 21 guidelines with commentaries. A prefatory section outlines the historical background and the revision process and includes an introduction an account of earlier instruments and guidelines a statement of ethical principles and a preamble. An Appendix lists the items to be included in the research protocol to be submitted for scientific and ethical review and clearance. The Guidelines relate mainly to ethical justification and scientific validity of research; ethical review; informed consent; vulnerability - of individuals groups communities and populations; women as research subjects; equity regarding burdens and benefits; choice of control in clinical trials; confidentiality; compensation for injury; strengthening of national or local capacity for ethical review; and obligations of sponsors to provide health-care services. They are designed to be of use to countries in defining national policies on the ethics of biomedical research involving human subjects applying ethical standards in local circumstances and establishing or improving ethical review mechanisms. A particular aim is to reflect the conditions and the needs of low-resource countries and the implications for multinational or transnational research in which they may be partners.
This book provides statisticians and researchers with the statistical tools - equations, formulae and numerical tables - to design and plan clinical studies and carry out accurate, reliable and reproducible analysis of the data so obtained. There is no way around this as incorrect procedure in clinical studies means that the researcher's paper will not be accepted by a peer-reviewed journal. Planning and analysing clinical studies is a very complicated business and this book provides indispensible factual information. Please go to http://booksupport.wiley.com and enter 9781405146500 to easily download the supporting materials.
A comprehensive resource on what lockdown drills are, why they are necessary, and how best to conduct them. The first book to offer a comprehensive examination of lockdown drills in K–12 schools, Lockdown Drills balances research findings with practical applications and implications. Schildkraut and Nickerson, school safety experts with complementary backgrounds in criminology and school psychology, review the historical precedents for lockdown drills, distinguish school lockdowns from other emergency procedures (such as active shooter drills), explain why they are conducted, present evidence-based research on their effectiveness, and describe how to conduct them according to best practices. Proponents of lockdown drills as a life-saving necessity, the authors help to bring much-needed standardization to how these drills are studied and conducted. The authors present common arguments for and against the inclusion of lockdown drills in emergency preparedness efforts, balancing their discussion of the perceptions and psychological impacts of lockdown drills with scholarly research on the extent to which lockdown drills improve how effectively individuals respond to a potential threat. Placing lockdown drills in the larger context of school safety and preparedness, they examine the broader implications for policymakers. Finally, they emphasize that drills, of which lockdowns are only one type, are just a part of the complex school safety puzzle. Ensuring that schools are safe places for students and educators begins long before a crisis occurs and continues through the days, weeks, and years of recovery following a crisis.
Librarians need to utilize web 2.0 tools to generate rich-text learning environments, creating enriching, challenging, and supportive learning platforms for students. The Teaching Librarian shows how to utilize wikis, mindmaps, and Second Life to improve pedagogy for librarians. This title covers how to obtain administration approval to implement web 2.0 tools, how to deal with and prevent technological glitches, and remain aware of relevant legal issues in the UK and the USA. The book also outlines how to create learning interfaces that meet the needs of nontraditional students. The six chapters cover key areas of pedagogy and web 2.0, including: the relevance of LibGuides and its uses for pedagogy; using cloud computing and mobile apps in teaching; teaching with Wikis, Second Life, and Mind Maps; practical issues with web 2.0 technology; and a chapter on the legal issues surrounding the use of web 2.0 for pedagogy. - Provides examples of empirical research that tests the implementation of Second Life, wikis, and mind maps in pedagogical scenarios - Offers research that enables pedagogy while remaining aware of and complying with current United Kingdom and US legal frameworks - Provides case studies and empirical research showing how to gain acceptance of technology in academic environments
Readers are taken through the various stages in conducting case study research, including a helpful account of data collection and data analysis methods. Structured, narrative and descriptive approaches to writing case study reports are also discussed.
This practical guide provides step-by-step instruction for conducting a mixed methods research synthesis (MMRS) that integrates both qualitative and quantitative evidence. The book progresses through a systematic, comprehensive approach to conducting an MMRS literature review to analyze and summarize the empirical evidence regarding a particular review question. Readers will benefit from discussion of the potential advantages of MMRS and guidance on how to avoid its potential pitfalls. Using Mixed Methods Research Synthesis for Literature Reviews is Volume 4 in the SAGE Mixed Methods Research Series.