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Supercharging has long been established as the most successful means to maximise power output from a specific engine size. Through supercharging, the inlet air density is increased, usually by means of a compressor, and by doing so the amount of air trapped in the cylinders is increased accordingly. As a result, efficient burning of a proportionately higher amount of fuel is enabled. By far, the most successful version of supercharging is turbocharging. Here, the expansion in a turbine of the exhaust gases leaving the cylinders supplies the power needed to drive the compressor. At the moment, practically all diesel engines are turbocharged, with a continuously increasing penetration in the highly competitive market of SI-powered vehicles. The current book on turbochargers and turbocharging, comprising fifteen chapters, gathers important and novel research on many modern aspects of turbocharging for all kinds of gasoline and diesel-powered engine applications (automotive, truck, marine and aircraft). For example, characterisation of the value proposition of turbocharged vehicles, marine engines turbo-compounding, fundamental issues of turbocharger lag and its relation with engine-out PM emissions, variable geometric compressors, automotive two-stage turbocharging, and dynamic operation of turbochargers including VGT and surging effects are amongst the topics analysed. Review papers form a very important part of the book, namely the discussion and in-depth analysis of various automotive boosting systems, turbocharger reduced-order modeling, heat transfer and pulsating flows in turbomachinery, mathematical models for turbocharged engines, and turbomachine-based engine throttling. A considerable portion of the book (seven chapters) deals with control-oriented modeling techniques relating to the turbocharger and/or the whole engine power-plant. Such models have proven valuable during the design of both turbochargers and turbocharged engines, and are described and discussed in detail for a variety of automotive and aircraft applications. The book is written for post-graduate students, engineers and researchers in the field of internal combustion engines (diesel and SI) and turbochargers.
During the past 20 years, the field of mechanical engineering has undergone enormous changes. These changes have been driven by many factors, including: the development of computer technology worldwide competition in industry improvements in the flow of information satellite communication real time monitoring increased energy efficiency robotics automatic control increased sensitivity to environmental impacts of human activities advances in design and manufacturing methods These developments have put more stress on mechanical engineering education, making it increasingly difficult to cover all the topics that a professional engineer will need in his or her career. As a result of these developments, there has been a growing need for a handbook that can serve the professional community by providing relevant background and current information in the field of mechanical engineering. The CRC Handbook of Mechanical Engineering serves the needs of the professional engineer as a resource of information into the next century.
This book covers all aspects of supercharging internal combustion engines. It details charging systems and components, the theoretical basic relations between engines and charging systems, as well as layout and evaluation criteria for best interaction. Coverage also describes recent experiences in design and development of supercharging systems, improved graphical presentations, and most advanced calculation and simulation tools.
Internal combustion engines are among the most fascinating and ingenious machines which, with their invention and continuous development, have positively influenced the industrial and social history during the last century, especially by virtue of the role played as propulsion technology par excellence used in on-road private and commercial transportation. Nowadays, the growing attention towards the de-carbonization opens up new scenarios, but IC engines will continue to have a primary role in multiple sectors: automotive, marine, offroad machinery, mining, oil & gas and rail, power generation, possibly with an increasing use of non-fossil fuels. The book is organized in monothematic chapters, starting with a presentation of the general and functional characteristics of IC engines, and then dwelling on the details of the fluid exchange processes and the definition of the layout of intake and exhaust systems, obviously including the supercharging mechanisms, and continue with the description of the injection and combustion processes, to conclude with the explanation of the formation, control and reduction of pollutant emissions and radiated noise.
This text, by a leading authority in the field, presents a fundamental and factual development of the science and engineering underlying the design of combustion engines and turbines. An extensive illustration program supports the concepts and theories discussed.
Since the publication of the Second Edition in 2001, there have been considerable advances and developments in the field of internal combustion engines. These include the increased importance of biofuels, new internal combustion processes, more stringent emissions requirements and characterization, and more detailed engine performance modeling, instrumentation, and control. There have also been changes in the instructional methodologies used in the applied thermal sciences that require inclusion in a new edition. These methodologies suggest that an increased focus on applications, examples, problem-based learning, and computation will have a positive effect on learning of the material, both at the novice student, and practicing engineer level. This Third Edition mirrors its predecessor with additional tables, illustrations, photographs, examples, and problems/solutions. All of the software is ‘open source’, so that readers can see how the computations are performed. In addition to additional java applets, there is companion Matlab code, which has become a default computational tool in most mechanical engineering programs.
Summarizes the analysis and design of today’s gas heat engine cycles This book offers readers comprehensive coverage of heat engine cycles. From ideal (theoretical) cycles to practical cycles and real cycles, it gradually increases in degree of complexity so that newcomers can learn and advance at a logical pace, and so instructors can tailor their courses toward each class level. To facilitate the transition from one type of cycle to another, it offers readers additional material covering fundamental engineering science principles in mechanics, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and thermochemistry. Fundamentals of Heat Engines: Reciprocating and Gas Turbine Internal-Combustion Engines begins with a review of some fundamental principles of engineering science, before covering a wide range of topics on thermochemistry. It next discusses theoretical aspects of the reciprocating piston engine, starting with simple air-standard cycles, followed by theoretical cycles of forced induction engines, and ending with more realistic cycles that can be used to predict engine performance as a first approximation. Lastly, the book looks at gas turbines and covers cycles with gradually increasing complexity to end with realistic engine design-point and off-design calculations methods. Covers two main heat engines in one single reference Teaches heat engine fundamentals as well as advanced topics Includes comprehensive thermodynamic and thermochemistry data Offers customizable content to suit beginner or advanced undergraduate courses and entry-level postgraduate studies in automotive, mechanical, and aerospace degrees Provides representative problems at the end of most chapters, along with a detailed example of piston-engine design-point calculations Features case studies of design-point calculations of gas turbine engines in two chapters Fundamentals of Heat Engines can be adopted for mechanical, aerospace, and automotive engineering courses at different levels and will also benefit engineering professionals in those fields and beyond.
Pounder's Marine Diesel Engines and Gas Turbines, Tenth Edition, gives engineering cadets, marine engineers, ship operators and managers insights into currently available engines and auxiliary equipment and trends for the future. This new edition introduces new engine models that will be most commonly installed in ships over the next decade, as well as the latest legislation and pollutant emissions procedures. Since publication of the last edition in 2009, a number of emission control areas (ECAs) have been established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in which exhaust emissions are subject to even more stringent controls. In addition, there are now rules that affect new ships and their emission of CO2 measured as a product of cargo carried. - Provides the latest emission control technologies, such as SCR and water scrubbers - Contains complete updates of legislation and pollutant emission procedures - Includes the latest emission control technologies and expands upon remote monitoring and control of engines