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John Frederick William Herschel (1792-1871) played a key role in the creation of the Astronomical Society, and during the 1820's he began to emerge as Britain's first modern physical scientist and wrote many important books. He spent the years 1833 to 1838 at the Cape of Good Hope where he made significant discoveries at Britain's Royal Observatory on the Cape. On his return to England aboard the Windsor Castle, a dinner was given in his honour attended by 400 fellow-scientists and other notables. Within two weeks he had been elevated to the baronetcy at the coronation of Queen Victoria and was hailed as the most eminent scientist in Britain. In 1849 he had published the first edition of this Admiralty Manual of Scientific Enquiry for naval officers, followed by the second edition in 1851. Further editions followed. Here he deals with Astronomy, Botany, Geography and Hydrography, Geology, Mineralogy, Magnetism, Meteorology, Statistics, Tides and Zoology. At time of publication the Admiralty were sending a surveying vessel to New Zealand, and others were already employed in the Torres Straight and in other parts of the world. A new establishment was under consideration for Borneo, and expeditions proposed to go in search of Sir John Franklin. The Navy had cruisers in every sea, and merchantmen were in some cases assisting in the gathering of intelligence and in scientific observations.
Reprint of the original, first published in 1871.
An anthology of contemporary and classical readings in the philosophy of science aimed at undergraduates in philosophy and science. Focuses on the main issues in philosophy of science: the structure of theories, models of scientific explanation, reductionism, the objectivity of science, and the proper interpretation of mature scientific theories.
"Investigative Journalism means the unveiling of matters that are concealed either deliberately by someone in a position of power, or accidentally, behind a chaotic mass of facts and circumstances - and the analysis and exposure of all relevant facts to the public. In this way investigative journalism crucially contributes to freedom of expression and freedom of information, which are at the heart of UNESCO's mandate. The role media can play as a watchdog is indispensable for democracy and it is for this reason that UNESCO fully supports initiatives to strengthen investigative journalism throughout the world. I believe this publication makes a significant contribution to promoting investigative journalism and I hope it will be a valuable resource for journalists and media professionals, as well as for journalism trainers and educators." -- Jānis Kārklinš, Assistant Director-General for Communication and Information, UNESCO, Preface, page 1.
The Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence, Third Edition, assists judges in managing cases involving complex scientific and technical evidence by describing the basic tenets of key scientific fields from which legal evidence is typically derived and by providing examples of cases in which that evidence has been used. First published in 1994 by the Federal Judicial Center, the Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence has been relied upon in the legal and academic communities and is often cited by various courts and others. Judges faced with disputes over the admissibility of scientific and technical evidence refer to the manual to help them better understand and evaluate the relevance, reliability and usefulness of the evidence being proffered. The manual is not intended to tell judges what is good science and what is not. Instead, it serves to help judges identify issues on which experts are likely to differ and to guide the inquiry of the court in seeking an informed resolution of the conflict. The core of the manual consists of a series of chapters (reference guides) on various scientific topics, each authored by an expert in that field. The topics have been chosen by an oversight committee because of their complexity and frequency in litigation. Each chapter is intended to provide a general overview of the topic in lay terms, identifying issues that will be useful to judges and others in the legal profession. They are written for a non-technical audience and are not intended as exhaustive presentations of the topic. Rather, the chapters seek to provide judges with the basic information in an area of science, to allow them to have an informed conversation with the experts and attorneys.