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During the week of September 20-23, 1983, an International Workshop on Interactive Decision Analysis and Interpretative Computer Intelligence was held at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Laxenburg, Austria. More than fifty scientists representing seventeen coun tries participated. The aim of the Workshop was to review existing approaches to problems involving multiple conflicting objectives, to look at methods and techniques for interactive decision analysis, and to demonstrate theuse of existing interactive decision-support systems. The Workshop was motivated, firstly, by the realization that the rapid development of computers, especially microcomputers, will greatly increase the scope and capabilities of computerized decision-support systems. It is important to explore the potential of these systems for use in handling the complex technological, environmental, economic and social problems thatface the world today. Research in decision-support systems also has another, less tangible but possibly more important, motivation. The development of efficient sys tems for decision support requires a thorough understanding of the dif ferences between the decision-making processes in different nations and cultures. An understanding of the different rationales underlying decision making is not only necessary for the development of efficient decision support systems, but is also an important factor in encouraging inter national understanding and cooperation.
The Fifth International Conference on Multiple Criteria Decision Making, not suprisingly, had several objectives. First, it aimed at beinq a forum for exchange and intensive discussion of recent ideas on theory and practice of MCDM, following the now well-established tradition of the previous meetings in the series, organized by H. Thiriez and S. Zionts in Jouy-en-Josas (1975), S. Zionts in Buffalo (1977), G. Fandel and T. Gal in Hagen/Konigswinter (1979) and J. Morse in Newark (1980). Second, closer contacts Nere desired between participants in these meetings and other active groups in the field, prominent among which is the European Working Group on Multiple Criteria Decision Aid. Third, participation of senior or junior researchers who had recently developped important new methodolo0ies, such as the Analytical Hierarchy Process, was actively sought for. Fourth, a synthesis of the rapidly expanding field of MCDM was to be made through selective surveys by leading researchers in the various areas it comprises. Fifth, cross-fertilization and multidisciplinary research was to be encouraged through presentations on the connections between MCDM and mathematics, economics, game theory, computer science and other subjects. Sixth, much emphasis was to be given to real-world applications of MCDM, particularly large scale ones and/or pioneering work in new fields. The present volume reflects the general agreement observed among participants that these goals were largely attained.
Decision support systems have experienced a marked increase in attention and importance over the past 25 years. The aim of this book is to survey the decision support system (DSS) field – covering both developed territory and emergent frontiers. It will give the reader a clear understanding of fundamental DSS concepts, methods, technologies, trends, and issues. It will serve as a basic reference work for DSS research, practice, and instruction. To achieve these goals, the book has been designed according to a ten-part structure, divided in two volumes with chapters authored by well-known, well-versed scholars and practitioners from the DSS community.
The tools of operations research (OR)--optimization, simulation, game theory, and others--are increasingly applied to the entire range of problems encountered by civil and environmental engineers. In this groundbreaking text/reference, the world's leading experts describe sophisticated OR opplications across the spectrum of environmental and civil engineering specialties, addressing problems encountered in both operation and design.
Analysis, Design, & Evaluation of Man-Machine Systems presents an examination of the construction and application of a combined network and production systems model. It discusses the computer simulation and experimental results of a fuzzy model of driver behavior. It addresses the ergonomic aspects of working places in control rooms. Some of the topics covered in the book are the control and supervision of the eurelios solar power plant; computer aided control station with coloured display for production control; dynamic and static models for nuclear reactor operators; ironies of automation; and theory and validation of model of the human observer and decision maker. The operation simulation for the evaluation and improvement of a medical information system are fully covered. An in-depth account of an online information retrieval through natural language is provided. The control of input variables by head movements of handicapped persons is completely presented. A chapter is devoted to a graphical hardware description language for logic simulation programs. Another section focuses on the symbiotic, knowledge-based computer support systems. The book can provide useful information to computer programmers, engineers, students, and researchers.