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The lithostratigraphy of the Carboniferous rocks if the Midland Valley of Scotland has been extensively reviewed by the authors of this report who built on the foundations laid by the classification of the Lower Carboniferous erected by Paterson and Hall (1986), Browne (1986) and Chisholm et al. (1989). The Inverclyde, Strathclyde, Clackmannan and Coal Measures sedimentary groups are recognised throughout the region along with the component formations of the Clackmannan and Coal Measures groups. In the Inverclyde and Strathclyde groups, formations are recognisable only within sub-basins. Names now regarded as redundant are Tyninghame, Balcomie, Lugton Limestone, Dalry Sandstone, Caaf Water Limestone and Monkcastle formations. Newly introduced are the Bathgate Group and the formations within it. The nomenclature of the main stratigraphical marker horizons within the Lower Limestone Formation has been rationalised and the boundaries of and within the Coal Measures Group defined. The repo ...
This 4th edition of The Geology of Scotland is greatly expanded from the previous edition with 34 authors contributing to 20 chapters. A new format has been adopted to provide a different perspective on the geology of Scotland. A brief introduction is followed by a chapter outlining some of the important historical aspects that in the 19th century placed Scottish geologists in the forefront of a new science. Scotland is constructed from a number of terranes that finally combined in roughly their present positions prior to about 410 million years ago. Thus the geology of each terrane is described up the time of amalgamation, providing chapters on the Southern Uplands, Midland Valley, Highlands, Grampian and Hebridean terranes. At the end of this section, a brief synthesis summarizes the events that resulted in the amalgamation of the various terranes into the present configuration. Traditional practice is followed in the description of the Old Red Sandstone, Carboniferous, Permo-Trias, Jurassic, Cretaceous, tertiary and Quaternary strata. A separate chapter covers Tertiary igneous rocks. An attempt is made to tell the story of the geological evolution of Scotland, rather than catalogue all areas and formations. Priority is given to the onshore geology, encouraging the reader to go into the field and visit some of the world-class geology on show in Scotland. The chapters are broadly-based, attempting to integrate the sedimentary and igneous histories, and summarize changes in palaeogeography and palaeoenvironments. Economic aspects are covered with chapters on Metalliferous Minerals, Bulk Resources, Coal and Hydrocarbons. A new departure is the chapter on aspects of Environmental Geology and sustainability. Additionally, this publication contains a colour section of 32 plates, illustrating aspects of Scottish Geology, as well as a coloured geological map of Scotland.