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Contains nine papers that were presented in the eponymously named, ASTM sponsored, conference held in Seattle, Washington, on June 29th, 1999. The papers are divided into treatments of field performance studies, pavement design and drainage, and testing, corresponding to the sessions of the symposium. Topics include cold-climate pavement drainage; performance-based specifications for highway edge drains; and tests of toe drain performance, transmissivity of geosynthetic drains, and clogging behavior. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
Geotextiles and geomembranes, made from synthetic polymers such as woven or non-woven fabrics, membranes, sheets and composites, have a variety of uses: in erosion control systems, embankments, pollution control systems, water storage, drainage and road construction. Taking all these applications into consideration, numerous laboratory and prototype tests were performed, the results of which have been published in this handbook, which includes sections on: · geotextile and geomembrane history · function analysis · production technology · project realization · soil reinforcement Designed for civil engineers, this text covers a broad range of areas and provides a useful handbook for those working with geotextiles and geomembranes.
"Excess water within a pavement structure is the major cause of pavement deteriorations. A roadway is often constructed with soils compacted at the optimum water contents to achieve the best performance. After construction, the soil water content variation is controlled by the ambient environment. The base course aggregate is very sensitive to water content variations. Unfortunately, conventional drainage system can only drain gravity water, but not capillary water, and it cannot work under unsaturated conditions. Consequently, no matter how well the road is constructed, the water content is expected to increase with time and the excess water will inevitably accelerate pavement deteriorations under repetitive traffic load. This study aims at solving the excess water induced problems using a new wicking geotextile. Firstly, a series of laboratory test results were performed to characterize the mechanical and hydraulic properties of the wicking geotextile, the soil, and their interactions. After that, the laboratory test results were used as numerical simulation inputs to evaluate the performance of the wicking geotextile under different working and climatic conditions. The benefits of the wicking geotextile were quantified and incorporated into the existing pavement design methods. Then, the field performance of the wicking geotextile was continuously monitored and potential issues that might influence the long-term performance of the wicking geotextile are evaluated. Eventually, a new-bio-wicking system is proposed to further improve the drainage efficiency of the wicking geotextile. The results from laboratory tests, numerical simulations, and field observations validated the efficiency of the wicking geotextile to dehydrate road embankments"--Abstract, page iv.
This study tested the filter performance of four different geotextiles. A flume apparatus was constructed and used to simulate a silt fence installation. The apparatus and procedures were based on a previous study performed by the Virginia Highway Transportation and Research Council. Water and sediment was filtered through a fabric sample and the ratio of the sediment concentration in the influent compared to the concentration in the effluent determined and expressed as a percent. Two physical properties of the fabrics were examined as predictors of fabric filter efficiency. The apparent opening size was not a reliable predictor of fabric performance for the samples tested. The flow rate through the fabric indicated that fabrics with a lower flow rate will probably exhibit higher filtration efficiencies, but an inadequate number of tests were performed for conclusive evidence. The effect of sediment particles larger than the U.S. Standard No. 30 sieve on fabric clogging and binding was briefly examined. These large particles did not contribute significantly to blinding. Keywords; Glacial deposits; Soil erosion; Soil filter efficiency; Theses. (EDC).
Geosynthetic materials have entered the mainstream in the professional arena and are no longer considered new construction material. Professionals need to keep up with the nuances of how geosynthetics work. Emphasizes design by function; overviews all types of geosynthetics, with stand-alone units on particular materials. Uses S.I. units for all problems and examples. Expands coverage of containers and tubes in the geotextile chapter. Discusses walls and slope design, including seismic analysis, in the geogrid chapter. Treats wet landfills, agricultural waste, waste stability, and dam waterproofing in the geomembrane chapter. Discusses new products and related performances in the geosynthetic clay liner chapter. Discusses new products and related behavior, including fiber reinforcement and wall drainage, in the geocomposite chapter. Adds a completely new chapter on geofoam. A useful reference for transportation, geotechnical, environmental, and hydraulics professionals and engineers.