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The Pacific Northwest holds an abundance of resources for energy production, from hydroelectric power to coal, nuclear power, wind turbines, and even solar panels. But hydropower is king. Dams on the Columbia, Snake, Fraser, Kootenay, and dozens of other rivers provided the foundation for an expanding, regionally integrated power system in the U.S. Northwest and British Columbia. A broad historical synthesis chronicling the region's first century of electrification, Paul Hirt's new study reveals how the region's citizens struggled to build a power system that was technologically efficient, financially profitable, and socially and environmentally responsible. Hirt shows that every energy source comes with its share of costs and benefits. Because Northwest energy development meant river development, the electric power industry collided with the salmon fishing industry and the treaty rights of Northwest indigenous peoples from the 1890s to the present. Because U.S. federal agencies like the Army Corps of Engineers and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation built many of the large dams in the region, a significant portion of the power supply is publicly owned, initiating contentious debates over how that power should best serve the citizens of the region. Hirt dissects these ongoing battles, evaluating the successes and failures of regional efforts to craft an efficient yet socially just power system. Focusing on the dynamics of problem-solving, governance, and the tense relationship between profit-seeking and the public interest, Hirt's narrative takes in a wide range of players-not only on the consumer side, where electricity transformed mills, mines, households, commercial districts, urban transit, factories, and farms, but also power companies operating at the local and regional level, and investment companies that financed and in some cases parasitized the operators. His study also straddles the international border. It is the first book to compare energy development in the U.S. Northwest and British Columbia. Both engaging and balanced in its treatment of all the actors on this expansive stage, The Wired Northwest helps us better understand the challenges of the twenty-first century, as we try to learn from past mistakes and re-design an energy grid for a more sustainable future.
The people of the Camas Valley in Washington State were founded in two socioeconomic streams as they survived the Great Depression of the 1930s and moved into the war years of the 1940s. The theoretical foundation of this history asserts the existence of a perpetual socioeconomic process of relationship between two interacting streams of human culture: Premodern subsistency, whereby persons utilize their immediate material environment to make family livings; and the modernizing commercial / industrial culture, whereby people incrementally move beyond subsistency to a convenient level of commerce, manufacture, and urban specialization. By this understanding, throughout the flow of times and places of human society, a rise and fall of progress and regress exists. Here, in this place and time, the relationship between the industry of Spokane and the agriculture of Stevens County provided the dynamic. This book is intended for academic and general readers alike. It includes extensive endnotes identifying the information used in creating this micro history of agriculture and industry in the Inland Pacific Northwest. The author hopes the book will be interesting and informative to the descendants of the people who built a life in a swath of hinterland reaching from the city of Spokane to the end of Camas Valley, and beyond, in Stevens County.
. Native Americans clung to the Columbia as the root of their culture, colonizers came in search of productive land and an efficient trade route, and industrialists seeking energy transformed the region's wild beauty.
This reference text provides full histories of the world's largest and most influential companies and includes details of basic company statistics and principle subsidiaries. This volume examines industries involved in retail, rubber, telecommunications, textiles, transportation and tobacco.
"Challenging traditional scholarship on the New Deal, the book reinterprets the history of rural electrification. It tells the previously unacknowledged story of how private power companies, with allies in land-grant universities, engendered social and technical innovations in the 1920s and early 1930s that enabled growing numbers of farmers to obtain electrical service, well before the creation of Depression-era government programs"--