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'A History of Pakistan and its Origins' is a comprehensive, detailed and fully up-to-date study of one of the most diverse, volatile and strategically significant countries in the world today. Born in turmoil barely half a century ago, Pakistan seems to be in an interminable pursuit of its own identity and at the same time finds itself a pivotal player in world politics. Its short existence has witnessed much: four coups d' tat; the rise of Islam as a power; tensions between ethnic, religious and separatist movements; the Kashmir conflict and the near-constant war footing with India. This text charts half a century of nation-building in Pakistan, while at the same time placing the country within the context of its relations with the outside world.
Under what conditions are some developing countries able to create stable democracies while others have slid into instability and authoritarianism? To address this classic question at the center of policy and academic debates, The Promise of Power investigates a striking puzzle: why, upon the 1947 Partition of British India, was India able to establish a stable democracy while Pakistan created an unstable autocracy? Drawing on interviews, colonial correspondence, and early government records to document the genesis of two of the twentieth century's most celebrated independence movements, Maya Tudor refutes the prevailing notion that a country's democratization prospects can be directly attributed to its levels of economic development or inequality. Instead, she demonstrates that the differential strengths of India's and Pakistan's independence movements directly account for their divergent democratization trajectories. She also establishes that these movements were initially constructed to pursue historically conditioned class interests. By illuminating the source of this enduring contrast, The Promise of Power offers a broad theory of democracy's origins that will interest scholars and students of comparative politics, democratization, state-building, and South Asian political history.
Although Pakistan may be a new state in an historical context, it possesses an ancient legacy and culture. This volume examines the history of Pakistan from its archaeological heritage and origins in the Islamic civilization in South Asia to its political, economic, and social characteristics since 1947. The dynamics of its volatile history have been conditioned by its chequered constitutional development. It has produced vivid and forceful leaders, both civilian and military, from the Bhuttos-Zulfikar Ali and his daughter Benazir-to the string of military rulers who have governed the country, namely, Ayub Khan, Yahya Khan, Zia ul-Haq, and the last military dictator, Pervez Musharraf. Religious and class differences and regional forces tear at the fabric of the nation and hinder the development of a stable democratic regime. In spite of these persistent retrograde forces, there is a remarkable commitment among the progressives and the educated of the country to move it forward. Pakistan possesses a remarkable history through its interplay of regional and economics forces, through wars and civil wars, through being a 'Front-Line State', and through nuclear confrontations in the form of nuclear tests performed by Pakistan as well as its neighbour India. This volume is a rich and authoritative guide to those turbulent decades as well as to the history of the Indian subcontinent.
Originally published: London: C.Hurst & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 2013.
Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Note on Transliteration and Translation -- Introduction -- Chapter 1. Frontier with the House of Gold -- Chapter 2. A Foundation for History -- Chapter 3. Dear Son, What Is the Matter with You? -- Chapter 4. A Demon with Ruby Eyes -- Chapter 5. The Half Smile -- Chapter 6. A Conquest of Pasts -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Works Cited -- Acknowledgments -- Index
What does it mean to be a Pakistani? Can it mean more than one thing? And what do others think it means? Ziauddin Sardar explores what makes a Pakistani, and whether it's something one wants or ought to be. Reflecting on his culture and heritage through tales of the Pakistanis in his life, A Person of Pakistani Origins is a whirlwind tour of dueling poets, Bollywood films, a bookish auntie who harbors feminist urges, and a vanishing uncle who reappears miles away. Thoughtful and generously laced with humor, this book delves deep into Pakistan's eclectic culture, and the humble insanity of everyday life for a person of Pakistani origins. Sardar richly celebrates the importance of where we come from, and of who we become.
This book examines the rise of religious extremism in Pakistan, particularly since 1947, and analyzes its connections to the Pakistani army's corporate interests and U.S.-Pakistan relations. It includes profiles of leading Pakistani militant groups with details of their origins, development, and capabilities. The author begins with an historical overview of the introduction of Islam to the Indian sub-continent in 712 AD, and brings the story up to the present by describing President Musharraf's handling of the war on terror. He provides a detailed account of the political developments in Pakistan since 1947 with a focus on the influence of religious and military forces. He also discusses regional politics, Pakistan's attempt to gain nuclear power status, and U.S.-Pakistan relations, and offers predictions for Pakistan's domestic and regional prospects.
This account of Pakistan's complicated political mosaic focuses on ethnic tensions within the country, the Mohajir movement, Pashtun and Baloch nationalisms, and the "Punjabization" of the country. Contributors also look at the country's complex position within the South Asian region, including its foreign policy, and the dialectic between domestic and foreign policy, and the role of the army. The book raises many thought-provoking questions, including the definition of Palestinian identity, the control of the state, and the deeply flawed institution of democracy.
In Pakistan at the Crossroads, top international scholars assess Pakistan's politics and economics and the challenges faced by its civil and military leaders domestically and diplomatically. Contributors examine the state's handling of internal threats, tensions between civilians and the military, strategies of political parties, police and law enforcement reform, trends in judicial activism, the rise of border conflicts, economic challenges, financial entanglements with foreign powers, and diplomatic relations with India, China, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, and the United States. In addition to ethnic strife in Baluchistan and Karachi, terrorist violence in Pakistan in response to the American-led military intervention in Afghanistan and in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas by means of drones, as well as to Pakistani army operations in the Pashtun area, has reached an unprecedented level. There is a growing consensus among state leaders that the nation's main security threats may come not from India but from its spiraling internal conflicts, though this realization may not sufficiently dissuade the Pakistani army from targeting the country's largest neighbor. This volume is therefore critical to grasping the sophisticated interplay of internal and external forces complicating the country's recent trajectory.
Examines the role of progressive Muslim intellectuals in the Pakistan movement through the lens of censorship.