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In high-performance pipelined analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), the residue amplifiers dissipate the majority of the overall converter power. Therefore, finding alternatives to the relatively inefficient, conventional class-A circuit realization is an active area of research. One option for improvement is to employ class-AB amplifiers, which can, in principle, provide large drive currents on demand and improve the efficiency of residue amplification. Unfortunately, due to the simultaneous demand for high speed and high gain in pipelined ADCs, the improvements seen in class-AB designs have so far been limited. This dissertation presents the design of an efficient class-AB amplification scheme based on a pseudo-differential, single-stage and cascode-free architecture. Nonlinear errors due to finite DC gain are addressed using a deterministic digital background calibration that measures the circuit imperfections in time intervals between normal conversion cycles of the ADC. As a proof of concept, a 12-bit 30-MS/s pipelined ADC was realized using class-AB amplifiers with the proposed digital calibration. The prototype ADC occupies an active area of 0.36 mm2 in 90-nm CMOS. It dissipates 2.95 mW from a 1.2-V supply and achieves an SNDR of 64.5 dB for inputs near the Nyquist frequency. The corresponding figure of merit is 72 fJ/conversion-step.
This book is based on the 18 tutorials presented during the 23rd workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Expert designers present readers with information about a variety of topics at the frontier of analog circuit design, serving as a valuable reference to the state-of-the-art, for anyone involved in analog circuit research and development.
This book discusses the theoretical foundations and design techniques needed to effectively design high-speed (multi-GS/s) and high-performance pipelined ADCs, which play a critical role in the signal chain of various systems. Readers will be walked through the design and analysis of pipelined ADCs and their topologies, and will learn both theoretical and practical design details that will enable them to explore and build these data converters. The author also presents details on various aspects of pipelined ADCs and their impact on the ADC speed and performance, with a focus on the input buffer and sampling network, the reference amplifier, comparators and their impact on ADC error rate and high-frequency performance, and mismatch estimation and correction.
Need to get up to speed quickly on the latest advances in high performance data converters? Want help choosing the best architecture for your application? With everything you need to know about the key new converter architectures, this guide is for you. It presents basic principles, circuit and system design techniques and associated trade-offs, doing away with lengthy mathematical proofs and providing intuitive descriptions upfront. Everything from time-to-digital converters to comparator-based/zero-crossing ADCs is covered and each topic is introduced with a short summary of the essential basics. Practical examples describing actual chips, along with extensive comparison between architectural or circuit options, ease architecture selection and help you cut design time and engineering risk. Trade-offs, advantages and disadvantages of each option are put into perspective with a discussion of future trends, showing where this field is heading, what is driving it and what the most important unanswered questions are.
Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) play an important role in most modern signal processing and wireless communication systems where extensive signal manipulation is necessary to be performed by complicated digital signal processing (DSP) circuitry. This trend also creates the possibility of fabricating all functional blocks of a system in a single chip (System On Chip - SoC), with great reductions in cost, chip area and power consumption. However, this tendency places an increasing challenge, in terms of speed, resolution, power consumption, and noise performance, in the design of the front-end ADC which is usually the bottleneck of the whole system, especially under the unavoidable low supply-voltage imposed by technology scaling, as well as the requirement of battery operated portable devices. Generalized Low-Voltage Circuit Techniques for Very High-Speed Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters will present new techniques tailored for low-voltage and high-speed Switched-Capacitor (SC) ADC with various design-specific considerations.
Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 tutorials of the 20th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Each part discusses a specific to-date topic on new and valuable design ideas in the area of analog circuit design. Each part is presented by six experts in that field and state of the art information is shared and overviewed. This book is number 20 in this successful series of Analog Circuit Design, providing valuable information and excellent overviews of: Topic 1 : Low Voltage Low Power, chairman: Andrea Baschirotto Topic 2 : Short Range Wireless Front-Ends, chairman: Arthur van Roermund Topic 3 : Power Management and DC-DC, chairman : Michiel Steyaert. Analog Circuit Design is an essential reference source for analog circuit designers and researchers wishing to keep abreast with the latest development in the field. The tutorial coverage also makes it suitable for use in an advanced design course.
This book shows readers to avoid common mistakes in circuit design, and presents classic circuit concepts and design approaches from the transistor to the system levels. The discussion is geared to be accessible and optimized for practical designers who want to learn to create circuits without simulations. Topic by topic, the author guides designers to learn the classic analog design skills by understanding the basic electronics principles correctly, and further prepares them to feel confident in designing high-performance, state-of-the art CMOS analog systems. This book combines and presents all in-depth necessary information to perform various design tasks so that readers can grasp essential material, without reading through the entire book. This top-down approach helps readers to build practical design expertise quickly, starting from their understanding of electronics fundamentals.
This book presents models and procedures to design pipeline analog-to-digital converters, compensating for device inaccuracies, so that high-performance specs can be met within short design cycles. These models are capable of capturing and predicting the behavior of pipeline data converters within less than half-a-bit deviation, versus transistor-level simulations. As a result, far fewer model iterations are required across the design cycle. Models described in this book accurately predict transient behaviors, which are key to the performance of discrete-time systems and hence to the performance of pipeline data converters.
This book is based on a graduate course entitled, Ubiquitous Healthcare Circuits and Systems, that was given by one of the editors at his university. It includes an introduction and overview to the field of biomedical ICs and provides information on the current trends in research. The material focuses on the design of biomedical ICs rather than focusing on how to use prepared ICs.
MicroCMOS Design covers key analog design methodologies with an emphasis on analog systems that can be integrated into systems-on-chip (SoCs). Starting at the transistor level, this book introduces basic concepts in the design of system-level complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS). It uses practical examples to illustrate circuit construction so that readers can develop an intuitive understanding rather than just assimilate the usual conventional analytical knowledge. As SoCs become increasingly complex, analog/radio frequency (RF) system designers have to master both system- and transistor-level design aspects. They must understand abstract concepts associated with large components, such as analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and phase-locked loops (PLLs). To help readers along, this book discusses topics including: Amplifier basics & design Operational amplifier (Opamp) Data converter basics Nyquist-rate data converters Oversampling data converters High-resolution data converters PLL basics Frequency synthesis and clock recovery Focused more on design than analysis, this reference avoids lengthy equations and instead helps readers acquire a more hands-on mastery of the subject based on the application of core design concepts. Offering the needed perspective on the various design techniques for data converter and PLL design, coverage starts with abstract concepts—including discussion of bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and MOS transistors—and builds up to an examination of the larger systems derived from microCMOS design.