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A comprehensive grammar of Manchu, the official language in China during the Qing dynasty. Taking also into account the scholarship on the subject from both China and Russia, the volume covers the Manchu writing system, morphology and phrenology. Sibe is also dealt with.
This resource offers students a tool to gain a good grounding in the Manchu language. With this text--the equivalent of a three-semester course--students are able study Manchu on their own time and at their own speed.
Originally published in 1879 in St Petersburg, this important work has never been reprinted and remains a bibliographical rarity. Ivan Il'ich Zakharov originally entered the Russian diplomatic service and was responsible for redrawing the western Russian-Chinese border which resulted in the significant transfer of Chinese territory to Russia. Zakharov ended his career as Professor of Manchu at St Petersburg Imperial University; his research into the Manchu language gaining him a Doctoral degree in Manchu Philology in 1875. Although he based his approach to the grammar on the conventions of Latin grammars of his day, the work contains a mine of valuable information.
A Manchu Grammar: with Analysed Texts Paul Georg von Mollendorff Contents I-Phonology --Alphabet (Table) Pronunciation --Harmony of Vowels --Diphthongs and Triphthongs --Word Changes and Foreign Words II-Etymology --Nouns and Adjectives, Terminations, Plural Case Affixes --Pronouns --Numerals --Verbs, Derivation, Moods and Tenses, Irregularities, Negation --Adverbs --Postpositions --Conjunctions --Interjections III-Syntax Manchu Texts with Translation and Analysis Index of Affixes and Terms Appendix--European Literature Treating on Manchu Introduction There is as yet no grammar of the Manchu language in English. Wylie's translation of Tsing Wan Ki Mung, Shanghai, 1855, a kind of Mauchu hand-book for the use of Chinese, though useful and full of interest, is by no means a grammar. The general interest taken in every language will, of course, be also extended to Manchu; still a few words seem necessary to show the particular usefulness of its study. There exist in all about 25O works in Manchu, nearly all of which arc translations from the Chinese. They consist of translations from the Classics, some historical and metaphysical works, literary essays, collections of famous writers, novels, poetry, laws and regulations, Imperial edicts, dictionaries, phrase books, ere. Most of these translations are excellent, but they are all literal. Executed under the eyes of intelligent princes, they form a reliable expression of the meaning of the Chinese text and have therefore a right to acceptance equal to that enjoyed by commentaries of good writers. Manchu being infinitely easier to learn than Chinese, these translations are a great help towards obtaining a clear insight into Chinese syntax, and scholars like Stanislas Julien, who owed the remarkable precision in his renderings to his knowledge of Manchu, have repeatedly pointed this out. In a letter addressed to Dr. Legge he alludes to the study of Manchu as being of great assistance in translating the Classics. Dr. Legge, however, in the preface to his translation of the Shuking, pronounced himself against it. The reasons advanced by this great scholar are not very cogent, and, in fact, not knowing the language, he was hardly competent to judge. But, even if he were right, others may be in a different position. Dr. Legge was perhaps more fortunate or more gifted than most people and had a thorough mastery of Chinese at the time when St. Julien wrote to him. Those who find Chinese more difficult will be inclined to consider the Manchu translations a great help. This grammar being intended for the practical purpose of guiding the student in... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.
Jerry Norman’s Comprehensive Manchu–English Dictionary, a substantial revision and enlargement of his Concise Manchu–English Lexicon of 1978, now long out of print, is poised to become the standard English-language resource on the Manchu language. As the dynastic language of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), Manchu was used in official documents and was also the vehicle for an enormous translation literature, mostly from the Chinese. The newDictionary, based exclusively on Qing sources, retains all of the information from the earlier Lexicon, but also includes hundreds of additional entries cited from original Manchu texts, enhanced cross-references, and an entirely new introduction on Manchu pronunciation and script. All content from the earlier publication has also been verified. This final book from the preeminent Manchu linguist in the English-speaking world is a reference work that not only updates Norman’s earlier scholarship but also summarizes his decades of study of the Manchu language. The Dictionary, which represents a significant scholarly contribution to the field of Inner Asian studies and to all students and scholars of Manchu and other Tungusic and related languages around the world, will become a major tool for archival research on Chinese late imperial period history and government.
We begin this classic reprint series with the publication of Grammatika man’chzhurskogo iazyka (A Grammar of the Manchu Language, 1879) by Ivan Il’ich Zakharov. Despite the fact that a number of grammars, sketches and textbooks of the Classical Manchu language appeared in the twentieth century, Zakharov’s grammar remains an important contribution to the study of the language and is frequently consulted by specialists. Unfortunately, in contrast to another major contribution by Zakharov, Polnyi man’chzhursko-russkii slovar’ (A Complete Manchu- Russian Dictionary, 1875), his Manchu Grammar was never reprinted and remains a bibliographical rarity. His grammar does not comply with modern methodology as regards language description; rather, he based his approach on the conventions of his day as found in Latin grammars. Despite this, and other minor shortcomings, Zakharov’s grammar contains a mine of valuable information. At the time Zakharov wrote his grammar, Manchu was still in use to a limited extent. This reprint of Zakharov’s grammar should continue to be seen as a useful resource by scholars for generations to come.
William Rozycki's Mongol Elements in Manchu is a masterful work on the subject of Manchu and Mongolian linguistics. It identifies, analyzes, and categorizes occurrences of Mongol loan words in Manchu written documents in order to better understand the relationship between these two languages. In all, it examines 1,381 individual word correspondences and places them into eight individual categories: recent loans from Mongol to Manchu, early loans from Mongol to Manchu/Jurchen, ancient loans from Mongol to Tungus, pre-loan correspondences, loans from Manchu to Mongol, problematic cases, loans from Chinese to Mongol and Manchu, and dismissible cases. Both the linguistic analysis and comprehensive lexicon provide by this book make it an indispensable source for anyone studying or interested in the relationship between the Mongol and Manchu languages.
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ A Manchu Grammar: With Analysed Texts reprint Paul Georg von MOllendorff Printed at the American Presbyterian Mission Press, 1892 Manchu language