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The Great Rift Valley, which runs some three thousand miles from Syria to Mozambique, is one of the earth's most extraordinary geological features. The result of Syria's split from the African continent fifteen million years ago, this great "crack in the earth" crosses Jordan, Syria, Israel, Tanzania, Ethiopia, and Kenya. In 2004, Israeli journalist Haim Watzman set out to explore the northern part of the Rift Valley, where he had lived for nearly two and a half decades. He interviewed a number of scientific experts: a zoologist fascinated by the behavioral patterns of indigenous birds; an archaeologist trying to re-create the standing stone formations left to us by ancient cultures; a geologist speculating on the valley's origins. Watzman raises provocative questions about the nature of this massive feature in the earth's crust: where it comes from, how it has developed, and how human civilization has fared on its shores. "Humankind has overlaid the geology not just with cities, dams, fields, and roads," he writes, "but also with history and biography and meanings."
Unleashed by ancient geologic forces, a magnitude 8.25 earthquake rocked San Francisco in the early hours of April 18, 1906. Less than a minute later, the city lay in ruins. Bestselling author Simon Winchester brings his inimitable storytelling abilities to this extraordinary event, exploring the legendary earthquake and fires that spread horror across San Francisco and northern California in 1906 as well as its startling impact on American history and, just as important, what science has recently revealed about the fascinating subterranean processes that produced it—and almost certainly will cause it to strike again.
When a repairman accidentally discovers a parallel universe, everyone sees it as an opportunity, whether as a way to ease Earth's overcrowding, set up a personal kingdom, or hide an inconvenient mistress. But when a civilization is found already living there, the people on this side of the crack are sent scrambling to discover their motives. Will these parallel humans come in peace, or are they just as corrupt and ill-intentioned as the people of this world?
Explains how weather and water wear away rock and includes two experiments to assist in understanding how erosion works.
Introduction to geologic fracture mechanics covering geologic structural discontinuities from theoretical and field-based perspectives.
Thirteen-year-old Eli Papadapoulous is worried. Even though he's part of in the most powerful family in the world. Even though his grandfather founded InfiniCorp, the massive corporation that runs everything in the bustling dome-cities. Even though InfiniCorp ads and billboards are plastered everywhere, proclaiming: DON'T WORRY! INFINICORP IS TAKING CARE OF EVERYTHING! Recently, Eli noticed there's something wrong with the artificial sky. It keeps shorting out, displaying strange colors and random, pixellated images. And though the Department of Cool and Comfortable Air is working overtime, the dome-city is hotter than it's ever been. Eli has been raised to believe that the dome-cities are safe and comfortable; that the important thing is to keep working, keep consuming; that InfiniCorp knows better than he, and he should leave everything in their hands. But now he begins asking questions.
"Pip, a young boy who can speak to fish, and his sister Kinchen set off on a great adventure, joined by twins with magical powers, refugees fleeing post-war Vietnam, and some helpful sea monsters"--
Four hostages are rescued from a group of religious extremists in Barcelona. After five years of being held captive together, they make a vow to always watch out for one another. But they never expected this. The world they have returned to has been transformed-by water. And the water is rising.
In this investigation, we are primarily concerned with modeling fluid flow through vertical cracks that were created for the purpose of extracting heat from hot, dry rock masses. The basic equation for the two-dimensional problem of fluid flow through a crack is presented and an approximate solution is found. The basic equation is a non-linear, Cauchy-singular integro-differential equation. Moderately simple formulae for the crack opening displacement and the effective pressure difference between the crack tips are derived. The results are valid for arbitrary vertical cracks, provided that the fluid injection and removal points are not placed too close to the crack tips. (A more complete treatment of this problem is given by us in a paper to appear in the Journal of Geophysical Research.) There are two corrections that can be made to our results. One of these is for the influence of the earth's surface. Another correction takes into account the force in the vertical direction produced at the crack walls by the fluid pressure because the crack walls are not vertical when the crack is filled with fluid. It can be shown (Weertman and Chang, Ref. 6) that both of these corrections are negligibly small. We conclude from this analysis that the crack profile and stress intensity factors of any large vertical fluid-filled crack for heat extraction purposes will not be changed appreciably when fluid is forced to flow through the crack at physically practical velocities. 6 refs.