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A detailed and timely overview of recent developments in active quasi-optical arrays In recent years, active quasi-optics has emerged as one of the most dynamic fields of contemporary research—a highly unconventional approach to microwave and millimeter-wave power generation that integrates solid-state devices into a single quasi-optical component in which all devices operate in unison. This book defines and describes active quasi-optical arrays, reviews the current state of the art, and answers numerous basic and technical questions on the design, analysis, and application of these devices. The contributors to this volume are leading researchers in the field who present results and views from government, industrial, and university laboratories and offer a balanced discussion on a high technical level. They also offer insight into the applicability and commercial value of this technology for military systems, manufacturing processes, communications, and consumer products. Topics presented include: Analysis and design methodologies for quasi-optical active arrays Power-added and power-combining efficiencies of quasi-optical amplifier arrays Phase-shifterless beam steering in oscillator and amplifier arrays Integrating quasi-optical active components into a compact subsystem Design and fabrication of quasi-optical oscillators, amplifiers, multipliers, and tuners Characterization and measurement of quasi-optical components
The development of detector arrays for two dimensional imaging of electron cyclotron emission is essential for the investigation of heat transport and turbulent confinement in fusion plasmas. A new approach to imaging techniques is presented in which the quasi-optical coupling of pumping power is substituted by a direct on-chip distribution scheme using a fully MMIC multichannel mixer circuit. The system makes use of a subharmonic mixer array designed in multisubstrate technology to perform 6 to 8 dB conversion loss. Aperture coupled patch antennas are used for the reception of plasma signal, whereas pumping power is fed to the mixer through a waveguide-microstrip transition.
Complete and comprehensive application-focused reference on millimetre wave antennas Millimetre Wave Antennas for Gigabit Wireless Communications covers a vast wealth of material with a strong focus on the current design and analysis principles of millimetre wave antennas for wireless devices. It provides practising engineers with the design rules and considerations required in designing antennas for the terminal. The authors include coverage of new configurations with advanced angular and frequency filtering characteristics, new design and analysis techniques, and methods for filter miniaturization. The book reviews up-to-date research results and utilizes numerous design examples to emphasize computer analysis and synthesis whilst also discussing the applications of commercially available software. Key Features: Advanced and up-to-date treatment of one of the fastest growing fields of wireless communications Covers topics such as Gigabit wireless communications and its required antennas, passive and active antenna design and analysis techniques, multibeam antennas and MIMO, IEEE 802.15.3c, WiMedia®, and advanced materials and technologies Offers a practical guide to integrated antennas for specific configurations requirements Addresses a number of complex, real-world problems that system and antenna engineers are going to face in millimetre-wave communications industry and provides solutions Contains detailed design examples, drawings and predicted performance This book is an invaluable tool for antenna professionals (engineers, designers, and developers), microwave professionals, wireless communication system professionals, and industries with microwave and millimetre wave research projects. Advanced students and researchers working in the field of millimetre wave engineering will also find this book very useful.
We have tested the performance of planar SIS mixers with log-periodic antennas at near millimeter and submillimeter wave frequencies from 90 to 360 GHz. The large .omega. R/sub N/C product ((approximately)10 at 90 GHz) of our Nb/NbO/sub x//Pb-In-Au junctions requires an integrated inductive tuning element to resonate the junction capacitance at the operating frequencies. We have used two types of integrated tuning element, which were designed with the aid of measurements using a Fourier transform spectrometer. Preliminary results indicate that the tuning elements can give very good mixer performance up to at least 200 GHz. An inductive wire in parallel with a 5-junction array gives a minimum mixer noise temperature of 115K (DSB) at 90 GHz with a FWHM bandwidth of 8 GHz. An open-ended microstrip stub in parallel with a single junction, gives minimum mixer noise temperatures of 150 and 200K (DSB) near 90 and 180 GHz with FWHM bandwidths of 4 and 3 GHz, respectively. The relatively high mixer noise temperatures compared to those of waveguide SIS mixers in a similar frequency range are attributed mainly to the losses in our optical system, which is being improved. 13 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.
About 60 GHz IMPATT oscillator array with pulsed operation, photoconductive sampling with an integrated loop, GaInAs MSM photodetectors with Cu Schottky contacts, and multi-laser phase-locked loops.
Individual semiconductor devices can not output the power required for many future millimeter-wave systems. During this three year contract we have investigated an innovative way of coherently combining the outputs of a large number of semiconductor devices as a means of generating high power millimeter- wave signals. The combiner consists of a 2-D array of free running oscillators integrated into radiating antennas. Inter-element coupling in the array acts to lock all the elements together in-phase. Arrays of Gunn diodes and MESFETs have been built and will be described.