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Primarily intended for the undergraduate students of electronics and communication engineering, computer science and engineering, and information technology, this book skilfully integrates both the hardware and software aspects of the 8086 microprocessor. It offers the students an up-to-date account of the state-of-the-art microprocessors and therefore can be regarded as an incomparable source of information on recently developed microprocessor chips. The book covers the advanced microprocessor architecture of the Intel microprocessor family, from 8086 to Pentium 4. The text is organized in four parts. Part I (Chapters 1-7) includes a detailed description of the architecture, organization, instruction set, and assembler directives of microprocessor 8086. Part II (Chapters 8-11) discusses the math coprocessor, multiprocessing and multiprogramming, the different types of data transfer schemes, and memory concepts. Part III (Chapters 12-15) covers programmable interfacing chips with the help of extensive interfacing examples. Part IV (Chapters 16-18) deals with advanced processors--from 80186 to Pentium 4. This well-organized and student-friendly text should prone to be an invaluable asset to the students as well as the practising engineers. KEY FEATURES: Gives elaborate programming examples to develop the analytical ability of students. Provides solved examples covering different types of typical interfacing problems to develop the practical skills of students. Furnishes chapter-end exercises to reinforce the understanding of the subject.
This book is an introduction to computer architecture, hardware and software, presented in the context of the Intel x86 family. The x86 describes not only a line of microprocessor chips dating back to 1978, but also an instruction set architecture (ISA) that the chips implement. The chip families were built by Intel and other manufacturers, and execute the same instructions, but in different manners. The results are the same, arithmetically and logically, but may differ in their timing. Why the focus on the Intel x86? It was the basis of the IBM personal computer (PC) family and its spin-offs. It has transitioned from a 16 to a 32 to a 64-bit architecture, keeping compatibility for more than 30 years. It's an de-facto industry standard that has withstood the test of time. This book covers the Intel ISA-16 and ISA-32 architectures from the 8086/8088 to the Pentium, including the math coprocessors. A chart of ISA processors is included. The purpose of this book is to provide the basic background information for an understanding of the 80x86 family, the IBM Personal Computer (pc), and programming in assembly language as an introduction to the broader field of Computer Architecture. It will stress the pervasiveness of this pc-based technology in everyday things and events. It will provide an introduction to Software System Engineering and the Design for Debugging methodology. This book is a spin-off of a course in Computer Architecture/System Integration, taught in the graduate Engineering Science Program at Loyola College (now, Loyola University in Maryland). If we learn to program in the language c, for example, we can take our skills to any computer with a set of c-based tools. If we learn IA-32 assembly language, we have to relearn a language if we switch to a different architecture. So, why do we learn assembly language? Because it gives us insight into the underlying hardware, how it is organized, and how it operates. This book is dedicated to the graduate students in Engineering Science at Loyola College, Columbia Campus, who took the course EG-611, "System Integration I, the x86 Architecture and Assembly Language." The course was given to hundreds of students over a span of 15 years by myself and others. An Extensive bibliography is provided. Table of Contents Introduction Definitions Technological & Economic Impact Limitations of the technology Number Systems Computer Instruction Set Architecture Prefixes Position notation Infinities, overflows, and underflows Hexadecimal numbers Elementary Math operations Base conversion Logical operations on data Math in terms of logic functions Negative numbers Data structures Integers BCD Format ASCII Format Parity Lists Hardware Elements of a Computer The Central Processing Unit The fetch/execute cycle X86 Processor family Input/Output I/O Methods Polled I/O Interrupt DMA Serial versus parallel Memory Memory organization and addressing Caches Memory Management Software Elements of a Computer Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) of the 80x86 Family Programmers model of the x86 Assembly Language The compilation process Operating system: what it is; what it does The Intel x86 instruction set Stack Protocols Basic Math Operations Logical operations BCD Operations 64 Operations on STRINGS of data Shifts/rotates Multiply Divide Faster Math Interrupt architecture Pseudo operations Labels Addressing modes on the 8086 Effective Address Calculation Memory Segments Code addressing modes Data Addressing Modes Program Flow Subroutines Macro Modular design X86 Boot sequence The 8086 reset The BIOS ROM CPUid instruction Load
The most complete architecture reference available on the 80X86 microprocessor family, this reference manual describes the software architecture of the 80X86 processor extension family, including the 1486.
This text is for first and second year undergraduates studying the fundamentals of computer engineering, digital logic and microprocessors. Assuming little background in computer systems, the book presents the basics then illustrates them with and examination of 8086 architecture and programming. The intention is to teach digital logic by using programmable logic devices (PLDs) and the CUPL language.
The predominant language used in embedded microprocessors, assembly language lets you write programs that are typically faster and more compact than programs written in a high-level language and provide greater control over the program applications. Focusing on the languages used in X86 microprocessors, X86 Assembly Language and C Fundamentals expl
The book is written for an undergraduate course on the 8085 and 8086 microprocessors and 8051 microcontroller. It provides comprehensive coverage of the hardware and software aspects of 8085 and 8086 microprocessors and 8051 microcontroller. The book uses plain and lucid language to explain each topic. A large number of programming examples is the feature of this book. The book provides the logical method of describing the various complicated concepts and stepwise techniques for easy understanding, making the subject more interesting. The book is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the 8085 microprocessor. It teaches you the 8085 architecture, pin description, bus organization, instruction set, addressing modes, instruction formats, Assembly Language Programming (ALP), instruction timing diagrams, interrupts and interfacing 8085 with support chips, memory and peripheral ICs - 8251, 8253, 8255, 8259 and 8279. It also explains the interfacing of 8085 with data converters - ADC and DAC- and introduces a temperature control system design. The second part focuses on the 8086 microprocessor. It teaches you the 8086 architecture, register organization, memory segmentation, interrupts, addressing modes, operating modes - minimum and maximum modes, interfacing 8086 with support chips, minimum and maximum mode 8086 systems and timings. The third part focuses on the 8051 microcontroller. It teaches you the 8051 architecture, pin description, instruction set, programming 8051 and interfacing 8051 with external memory. It explains timers/counters, serial port, interrupts of 8051 and their programming. It also describes the interfacing 8051 with keyboards, LCDs and LEDs and explains the control of servomotor, stepper motors and washing machine using 8051.
Keeping students on the forefront of technology, this text offers a practical reference to all programming and interfacing aspects of the popular Intel microprocessor family.