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This volume presents the first book-length overview of the Atlantic languages, a small family of languages spoken mainly on the Atlantic coast of West Africa. Languages in this area have been used in diverse multilingual societies with intense language contact for the whole of their known history, and their genealogical relatedness and the impact of language contact on their lexicon and grammar have been widely debated. The book is divided into four parts. The first provides an introduction to language ecologies in the area and includes two accounts of the genealogical classification of Atlantic languages. Chapters in the second part offer grammatical overviews of individual languages, including the most important non-Atlantic contact languages (Casamance Creole and Mandinka), while the third part explores Atlantic languages from a typological perspective, with chapters that explore formal and semantic aspects of their nominal classification systems, nominalization strategies, their rich system of verbal extensions, and the stem-initial consonant mutation that is attested in a subset of languages. The final part of the book investigates Atlantic languages in their social environments, including the creation of creole identities, secret languages, Ajami writing practices, language acquisition, the spread and use of Fula as a lingua franca, digital language practices, and language ideologies. The volume is an essential tool for linguists interested in the languages of West Africa, language history and classification, patterns of language use in Atlantic societies, and typology and language contact more broadly.
A clear and concise introduction to the study of how new languages come into being.
This volume contains fifteen papers given at the International Workshop on African Archaeobotany in Groningen in 2003. Several papers deal with the domestication history and related aspects of specific plants, including wheat (Triticum), rice (Oryza), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), fig (Ficus), cotton (Gossypium), silk-cotton (Ceiba pentandra) and baobab (Adansonia digitata). Other contributions discuss the exploitation of woody vegetations, members of the sedge family (Cyperaceae) and the botanical composition of mummy garlands. Three papers present the subfossil plant remains from Egyptian sites: Pharaonic caravan routes through the Theban Desert, Predynastic Adaïma and Napatan to Islamic Qasr Ibrim. The last contribution presents an update inventory of the ancient plant remains present in the Agricultural Museum (Dokki, Cairo). The book covers a wide range of countries and includes Namibia, Burkina Faso, Mali, Senegal, Mauritania, Canary Isles, Libya and Egypt.
Contains 3,500 entries, representing almost 700 African languages and over 200 dialects, spanning over 400 years of African lexicographical writing and research.
DigiCat Publishing presents to you this special edition of "The Number Concept: Its Origin and Development" by Levi L. Conant. DigiCat Publishing considers every written word to be a legacy of humankind. Every DigiCat book has been carefully reproduced for republishing in a new modern format. The books are available in print, as well as ebooks. DigiCat hopes you will treat this work with the acknowledgment and passion it deserves as a classic of world literature.
This groundbreaking book explores the history and the cultural context of family claims to power in the Bamako kafu, or state (located in contemporary Mali in West Africa), primarily during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Perinbam argues that the absence of precise information on the Bamako kafu's political status during this period empowered families to manipulate the myths, rituals, and ancestral legends?as well as belief systems?so that their claims to state power appeared incontrovertible. The French, on reaching the region, accepted these representations of power.Although the author's historical data focus mainly on the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, mythical recountings beyond this historical grid?ranging across approximately one thousand years and including large-scale migrations throughout the West African Sahel?provide insights into the processes by which many of these ethnic identities were subject to reconfiguration and reinvention. Within this historical-mythical matrix, Perinbam offers new insights into the reconstruction of Mande identities, their cultures (material and otherwise), political systems, and various social fields, as well as their past. Instead of rigid ethnic identities?sometimes identified in the historical and anthropological literature as ?Mandingo,? ?Malinke,? or ?Bambara??the author argues that variable ethnographic identities were more often than not mediated in accordance with a number of mythic and historical contingencies, most notably the respective states into which the families were drawn, as well as state formation, maintenance, and renewal, not to mention meaning sensitive to political, generational, and gender challenges. With the arrival of the French in the late nineteenth century and the Mande incorporation into the French colonial state, familial identities once more readjusted.The careful research and original scholarship of Family Identity and the State in the Bamako Kafu make it a significant contribution to the histories of West Africa, the African Diaspora, and the United States.